177 proposals match your search
mean_precipitation_amount_above_threshold mm day-1 Wet-day mean precipitation - also known as mean intensity and is the mean precipitation over the days in the month with more than X mm in total precipitation. "Amount" means mass per unit area. "Precipitation" in the earth's atmosphere means precipitation of water in all phases.
New Term
fraction_of_days_with_lwe_thickness_of_precipitation_amount_above_threshold 1 [UUUU] Wet-day frequency - fraction of days in the month with more than X mm in total precipitation. "Amount" means mass per unit area. The construction "lwe_thickness_of_"X"_amount" or "_content" means the vertical extent of a layer of liquid water having the same mass per unit area. The abbreviation "lwe" means liquid water equivalent. "Precipitation" in the earth's atmosphere means precipitation of water in all phases.
New Term
mole_concentration_of_nanophytoplankton_expressed_as_nitrogen_in_sea_water mol m-3 [MLM3] Mole concentration means number of moles per unit volume, also called "molarity", and is used in the construction mole_concentration_of_X_in_Y, where X is a material constituent of Y. A chemical or biological species denoted by X may be described by a single term such as "nitrogen" or a phrase such as "nox_expressed_as_nitrogen". The phrase "expressed_as" is used in the construction A_expressed_as_B, where B is a chemical constituent of A. It means that the quantity indicated by the standard name is calculated solely with respect to the B contained in A, neglecting all other chemical constituents of A. Nanophytoplankton are phytoplankton between 2 and 20 micrometers in size. Phytoplankton are algae that grow where there is sufficient light to support photosynthesis.
New Term
mole_concentration_of_nanophytoplankton_expressed_as_phosphorus_in_sea_water mol m-3 [MLM3] Mole concentration means number of moles per unit volume, also called "molarity", and is used in the construction mole_concentration_of_X_in_Y, where X is a material constituent of Y. A chemical or biological species denoted by X may be described by a single term such as "nitrogen" or a phrase such as "nox_expressed_as_nitrogen". The phrase "expressed_as" is used in the construction A_expressed_as_B, where B is a chemical constituent of A. It means that the quantity indicated by the standard name is calculated solely with respect to the B contained in A, neglecting all other chemical constituents of A. Nanophytoplankton are phytoplankton between 2 and 20 micrometers in size. Phytoplankton are algae that grow where there is sufficient light to support photosynthesis.
New Term
mole_concentration_of_diazotrophic_phytoplankton_expressed_as_phosphorus_in_sea_water mol m-3 [MLM3] "Mole concentration" means number of moles per unit volume, also called "molarity", and is used in the construction "mole_concentration_of_X_in_Y", where X is a material constituent of Y. A chemical species or biological group denoted by X may be described by a single term such as "nitrogen" or a phrase such as "nox_expressed_as_nitrogen". The phrase "expressed_as" is used in the construction "A_expressed_as_B", where B is a chemical constituent of A. It means that the quantity indicated by the standard name is calculated solely with respect to the B contained in A, neglecting all other chemical constituents of A. Phytoplankton are algae that grow where there is sufficient light to support photosynthesis. Diazotrophic phytoplankton are phytoplankton (predominantly from Phylum Cyanobacteria) that are able to fix molecular nitrogen (gas or solute) in addition to nitrate and ammonium.
New Term
mole_concentration_of_diazotrophic_phytoplankton_expressed_as_nitrogen_in_sea_water mol m-3 [MLM3] "Mole concentration" means number of moles per unit volume, also called "molarity", and is used in the construction "mole_concentration_of_X_in_Y", where X is a material constituent of Y. A chemical species or biological group denoted by X may be described by a single term such as "nitrogen" or a phrase such as "nox_expressed_as_nitrogen". The phrase "expressed_as" is used in the construction "A_expressed_as_B", where B is a chemical constituent of A. It means that the quantity indicated by the standard name is calculated solely with respect to the B contained in A, neglecting all other chemical constituents of A. Phytoplankton are algae that grow where there is sufficient light to support photosynthesis. Diazotrophic phytoplankton are phytoplankton (predominantly from Phylum Cyanobacteria) that are able to fix molecular nitrogen (gas or solute) in addition to nitrate and ammonium.
New Term
mole_concentration_of_calcareous_phytoplankton_expressed_as_phosphorus_in_sea_water mol m-3 [MLM3] Mole concentration means number of moles per unit volume, also called "molarity", and is used in the construction mole_concentration_of_X_in_Y, where X is a material constituent of Y. A chemical or biological species denoted by X may be described by a single term such as "nitrogen" or a phrase such as "nox_expressed_as_nitrogen". The phrase "expressed_as" is used in the construction A_expressed_as_B, where B is a chemical constituent of A. It means that the quantity indicated by the standard name is calculated solely with respect to the B contained in A, neglecting all other chemical constituents of A. "Calcareous phytoplankton" are phytoplankton that produce calcite. Phytoplankton are algae that grow where there is sufficient light to support photosynthesis. Calcite is a mineral that is a polymorph of calcium carbonate. The chemical formula of calcite is CaCO3. Standard names also exist for aragonite, another polymorph of calcium carbonate.
New Term
mole_concentration_of_calcareous_phytoplankton_expressed_as_nitrogen_in_sea_water mol m-3 [MLM3] Mole concentration means number of moles per unit volume, also called "molarity", and is used in the construction mole_concentration_of_X_in_Y, where X is a material constituent of Y. A chemical or biological species denoted by X may be described by a single term such as "nitrogen" or a phrase such as "nox_expressed_as_nitrogen". The phrase "expressed_as" is used in the construction A_expressed_as_B, where B is a chemical constituent of A. It means that the quantity indicated by the standard name is calculated solely with respect to the B contained in A, neglecting all other chemical constituents of A. "Calcareous phytoplankton" are phytoplankton that produce calcite. Phytoplankton are algae that grow where there is sufficient light to support photosynthesis. Calcite is a mineral that is a polymorph of calcium carbonate. The chemical formula of calcite is CaCO3. Standard names also exist for aragonite, another polymorph of calcium carbonate.
New Term
mole_concentration_of_miscellaneous_phytoplankton_expressed_as_phosphorus_in_sea_water mol m-3 [MLM3] Mole concentration means number of moles per unit volume, also called "molarity", and is used in the construction mole_concentration_of_X_in_Y, where X is a material constituent of Y. A chemical or biological species denoted by X may be described by a single term such as "nitrogen" or a phrase such as "nox_expressed_as_nitrogen". The phrase "expressed_as" is used in the construction A_expressed_as_B, where B is a chemical constituent of A. It means that the quantity indicated by the standard name is calculated solely with respect to the B contained in A, neglecting all other chemical constituents of A. "Miscellaneous phytoplankton" are all those phytoplankton that are not diatoms, diazotrophs, calcareous phytoplankton, picophytoplankton or other separately named components of the phytoplankton population. Phytoplankton are algae that grow where there is sufficient light to support photosynthesis.
New Term
mole_concentration_of_miscellaneous_phytoplankton_expressed_as_nitrogen_in_sea_water mol m-3 [MLM3] Mole concentration means number of moles per unit volume, also called "molarity", and is used in the construction mole_concentration_of_X_in_Y, where X is a material constituent of Y. A chemical or biological species denoted by X may be described by a single term such as "nitrogen" or a phrase such as "nox_expressed_as_nitrogen". The phrase "expressed_as" is used in the construction A_expressed_as_B, where B is a chemical constituent of A. It means that the quantity indicated by the standard name is calculated solely with respect to the B contained in A, neglecting all other chemical constituents of A. "Miscellaneous phytoplankton" are all those phytoplankton that are not diatoms, diazotrophs, calcareous phytoplankton, picophytoplankton or other separately named components of the phytoplankton population. Phytoplankton are algae that grow where there is sufficient light to support photosynthesis.
New Term
mole_concentration_of_picophytoplankton_expressed_as_phosphorus_in_sea_water mol m-3 [MLM3] Mole concentration means number of moles per unit volume, also called "molarity", and is used in the construction mole_concentration_of_X_in_Y, where X is a material constituent of Y. A chemical or biological species denoted by X may be described by a single term such as "nitrogen" or a phrase such as "nox_expressed_as_nitrogen". The phrase "expressed_as" is used in the construction A_expressed_as_B, where B is a chemical constituent of A. It means that the quantity indicated by the standard name is calculated solely with respect to the B contained in A, neglecting all other chemical constituents of A. Picophytoplankton are phytoplankton of less than 2 micrometers in size. Phytoplankton are algae that grow where there is sufficient light to support photosynthesis.
New Term
mole_concentration_of_picophytoplankton_expressed_as_nitrogen_in_sea_water mol m-3 [MLM3] Mole concentration means number of moles per unit volume, also called "molarity", and is used in the construction mole_concentration_of_X_in_Y, where X is a material constituent of Y. A chemical or biological species denoted by X may be described by a single term such as "nitrogen" or a phrase such as "nox_expressed_as_nitrogen". The phrase "expressed_as" is used in the construction A_expressed_as_B, where B is a chemical constituent of A. It means that the quantity indicated by the standard name is calculated solely with respect to the B contained in A, neglecting all other chemical constituents of A. Picophytoplankton are phytoplankton of less than 2 micrometers in size. Phytoplankton are algae that grow where there is sufficient light to support photosynthesis.
New Term
mole_concentration_of_nanophytoplankton_expressed_as_carbon_in_sea_water mol m-3 [MLM3] Mole concentration means number of moles per unit volume, also called "molarity", and is used in the construction mole_concentration_of_X_in_Y, where X is a material constituent of Y. A chemical or biological species denoted by X may be described by a single term such as "nitrogen" or a phrase such as "nox_expressed_as_nitrogen". The phrase "expressed_as" is used in the construction A_expressed_as_B, where B is a chemical constituent of A. It means that the quantity indicated by the standard name is calculated solely with respect to the B contained in A, neglecting all other chemical constituents of A. Nanophytoplankton are phytoplankton between 2 and 20 micrometers in size. Phytoplankton are algae that grow where there is sufficient light to support photosynthesis.
New Term
mole_concentration_of_diatoms_expressed_as_silicon_in_sea_water mol m-3 [MLM3] Mole concentration means number of moles per unit volume, also called "molarity", and is used in the construction mole_concentration_of_X_in_Y, where X is a material constituent of Y. A chemical or biological species denoted by X may be described by a single term such as "nitrogen" or a phrase such as "nox_expressed_as_nitrogen". The phrase "expressed_as" is used in the construction A_expressed_as_B, where B is a chemical constituent of A. It means that the quantity indicated by the standard name is calculated in terms of B alone, neglecting all other chemical constituents of A. Diatoms are phytoplankton with an external skeleton made of silica. Phytoplankton are algae that grow where there is sufficient light to support photosynthesis.
New Term
mole_concentration_of_diatoms_expressed_as_phosphorus_in_sea_water mol m-3 [MLM3] Mole concentration means number of moles per unit volume, also called "molarity", and is used in the construction mole_concentration_of_X_in_Y, where X is a material constituent of Y. A chemical or biological species denoted by X may be described by a single term such as "nitrogen" or a phrase such as "nox_expressed_as_nitrogen". The phrase "expressed_as" is used in the construction A_expressed_as_B, where B is a chemical constituent of A. It means that the quantity indicated by the standard name is calculated in terms of B alone, neglecting all other chemical constituents of A. Diatoms are phytoplankton with an external skeleton made of silica. Phytoplankton are algae that grow where there is sufficient light to support photosynthesis.
New Term
x_component_of_surface_outward_normal_unit_vector 1 [UUUU] The X-component of the surface outward normal unit vector at a specified location, indicating the orientation of the surface at that point. "x" indicates a vector component along the grid x-axis, positive with increasing x.
New Term
y_component_of_surface_outward_normal_unit_vector 1 [UUUU] The Y-component of the surface outward normal unit vector at a specified location, indicating the orientation of the surface at that point. "y" indicates a vector component along the grid y-axis, positive with increasing y.
New Term
y_component_of_unit_vector_away_from_instrument 1 [UUUU] Y-component of the unit vector describing the direction from the sensor to a point of interest, relative to the sensor. "y" indicates a vector component along the grid y-axis, positive with increasing y.
New Term
blue_component_of_toa_outgoing_shortwave_flux_expressed_as_rgb_color 1 [UUUU] Blue corresponds to the blue component of the RGB model. The term "shortwave" means shortwave radiation. The abbreviation "toa" means top of atmosphere. The TOA outgoing shortwave flux is the reflected and scattered solar radiative flux, i.e., the "upwelling" TOA shortwave flux, sometimes called the "outgoing shortwave radiation" or "OSR". In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. The intensity is scaled relative to a reference intensity or the maximum possible value. It is recommended that the variable attributes valid_min and valid_max or valid_range are used to denote the range of possible values (e.g., 0 to 1, 0 to 255, 0 to 65,535). The radiation wavelength or frequency range for blue can be denoted as bounds of a scalar coordinate variable.
New Term
red_component_of_toa_outgoing_shortwave_flux_expressed_as_rgb_color 1 [UUUU] Red corresponds to the red component of the RGB model. The term "shortwave" means shortwave radiation. The abbreviation "toa" means top of atmosphere. The TOA outgoing shortwave flux is the reflected and scattered solar radiative flux i.e. the "upwelling" TOA shortwave flux, sometimes called the "outgoing shortwave radiation" or "OSR". In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. The intensity is scaled relative to a reference intensity or the maximum possible value. It is recommended that the variable attributes valid_min and valid_max or valid_range are used to denote the range of possible values (e.g. 0 to 1, 0 to 255, 0 to 65,535). The radiation wavelength or frequency range for red can be denoted as bounds of a scalar coordinate variable.
New Term
downward_component_of_surface_outward_normal_unit_vector 1 The vertical component of the surface outward normal unit vector at a specified location, indicating the orientation of the surface at that point. "downward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed downward (negative upward).
New Term
x_component_of_unit_vector_away_from_instrument 1 [UUUU] X-component of the unit vector describing the direction from the sensor to a point of interest, relative to the sensor. "x" indicates a vector component along the grid x-axis, positive with increasing x.
New Term
upward_component_of_surface_outward_normal_unit_vector 1 [UUUU] The vertical component of the surface outward normal unit vector at a specified location, indicating the orientation of the surface at that point. "upward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed upward (negative downward).
New Term
downward_component_of_unit_vector_away_from_instrument 1 [UUUU] The vertical component of the unit vector describing the direction from the sensor to a point of interest, relative to the sensor. "downward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed downward (negative upward).
New Term
green_component_of_toa_outgoing_shortwave_flux_expressed_as_rgb_color 1 [UUUU] Green corresponds to the green component of the RGB model. The term "shortwave" means shortwave radiation. The abbreviation "toa" means top of atmosphere. The TOA outgoing shortwave flux is the reflected and scattered solar radiative flux, i.e., the "upwelling" TOA shortwave flux, sometimes called the "outgoing shortwave radiation" or "OSR". In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. The intensity is scaled relative to a reference intensity or the maximum possible value. It is recommended that the variable attributes valid_min and valid_max or valid_range are used to denote the range of possible values (e.g., 0 to 1, 0 to 255, 0 to 65,535). The radiation wavelength or frequency range for green can be denoted as bounds of a scalar coordinate variable.
New Term
upward_component_of_unit_vector_away_from_instrument 1 [UUUU] The vertical component of the unit vector describing the direction from the sensor to a point of interest, relative to the sensor. "upward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed upward (negative downward).
New Term
sea_ice_area_fraction 1 [UUUU] P07 id: CFSN0424 By default, a variable with this standard name represents the fractional area of some region of earth's surface covered by sea ice. It may be expressed as a fraction, a percentage, or any other dimensionless representation of a fraction. In general, for a grid cell, an area fraction is evaluated as the area of interest in the cell divided by the grid cell area, or if the cell_methods restricts the evaluation to some portion of that grid cell (e.g. "where sea"), then it is the area of interest divided by the area of the identified portion. Consequently, a variable with a standard name of sea_ice_area_fraction and a cell_methods attribute that includes "area:mean where sea" represents what is defined as the "sea-ice concentration": the area fraction of the sea surface that is covered by sea ice. Except when the concentration is 0, the sea ice area fraction and the sea-ice concentration will differ in grid cells that are partly sea, e.g. in coastal grid cells. "Sea ice" means all ice floating in the sea which has formed from freezing sea water, rather than by other processes such as calving of land ice to form icebergs.
Updated term description
sea_ice_enthalpy_content J m-2 [JMSQ] Enthalpy of sea ice per unit area. This includes both the latent and sensible heat contributions. Liquid water at 0 degC is assumed to have an enthalpy content of 0 J. This variable does not include enthalpy of snow, but does include enthalpy of brine. Enthalpy content is always negative since both the sensible and the latent heat contributions are smaller than that of liquid water. Enthalpy is conserved under variations of pressure. When these can be neglected, enthalpy content is identical to internal energy content (apart from an arbitrary additive constant), and sometimes referred to as "heat content".
New Term
sea_floor_horizontal_stress_due_to_sea_surface_waves N m-2 [UNSM] Ocean processes such as waves and currents can generate forces (or stress) on the sea floor. The surface called "sea floor" means the lower boundary of the ocean. "Horizontal" refers to the local horizontal, i.e. perpendicular to the local gravity vector at the location in which the quantity is calculated. "Stress" means the shear stress (force per unit area) exerted at the sea floor. Horizontal stress refers to the stress in the horizontal plane. The specification of a physical process by the phrase "due_to_" process means that the quantity named is a single term in a sum of terms which together compose the general quantity named by omitting the phrase. The phrase "sea_surface_waves" means the stress associated with sea surface waves dissipation processes through bottom friction.
New Term
sea_floor_horizontal_stress_due_to_model_sea_water_velocity N m-2 [UNSM] Ocean processes such as waves and currents can generate forces (or stress) on the sea floor. The surface called "sea floor" means the lower boundary of the ocean. "Horizontal" refers to the local horizontal, i.e. perpendicular to the local gravity vector at the location in which the quantity is calculated. "Stress" means the shear stress (force per unit area) exerted at the sea floor. Horizontal stress refers to the stress in the horizontal plane. The specification of a physical process by the phrase "due_to_" process means that the quantity named is a single term in a sum of terms which together compose the general quantity named by omitting the phrase. The phrase "model_sea_water_velocity" means the stress associated with ocean current dissipation processes through bottom friction. This standard name is intended for the output of models in which sea surface waves are not included in the velocity field. Hence the sea floor stress due to bottom friction excludes any contribution from the dissipation of sea surface waves. If that contribution to the sea floor stress is separately modelled, it can be given the standard name of sea_floor_horizontal_stress_due_to_sea_surface_waves.
New Term
sea_floor_horizontal_stress N m-2 [UNSM] Ocean processes such as waves and currents can generate forces (or stress) on the sea floor. The surface called "sea floor" means the lower boundary of the ocean. "Horizontal" refers to the local horizontal, i.e. perpendicular to the local gravity vector at the location in which the quantity is calculated. "Stress" means the shear stress (force per unit area) exerted at the sea floor. Horizontal stress refers to the stress in the horizontal plane.
New Term
carbon_mass_content_of_soil_layer kg m-2 [KMP2] "Content" indicates a quantity per unit area. Layer" means any layer with upper and lower boundaries that have constant values in some vertical coordinate. There must be a vertical coordinate variable indicating the extent of the layer(s). If the layers are model layers, the vertical coordinate can be "model_level_number", but it is recommended to specify a physical coordinate (in a scalar or auxiliary coordinate variable) as well. Quantities defined for a soil layer must have a vertical coordinate variable with boundaries indicating the extent of the layer(s).
New Term
wet_bulb_globe_temperature degree_C [UPAA] Wet Bulb Globe Temperature (WBGT) is a particularly effective indicator of heat stress for active populations such as outdoor workers and athletes. In weather model calculations, WBGT is a derived value that represents the combined effects of air temperature, relative humidity, wind speed, and solar radiation. Outdoor WBGT is calculated as the weighted sum of natural (static) wet-bulb temperature (Tw), black globe temperature (Tg), and dry bulb temperature (Td): WBGT = 0.7Tw + 0.2 Tg + 0.1 Td. References: Liljegren, J. C., Carhart, R. A., Lawday, P., Tschopp, S. & Sharp, R. Modeling the wet bulb globe temperature using standard meteorological measurements. Journal of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene, 5(10), pp. 645–655 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1080/15459620802310770; Kamal, A.S.M.M., Fahim, A.K.F. & Shahid, S. Changes in wet bulb globe temperature and risk to heat-related hazards in Bangladesh. Sci Rep 14, 10417 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-61138-8.
New Term
covariance_over_longitude_of_eastward_wind_and_northward_wind m2 s-2 [SQM2] Covariance refers to the sample covariance rather than the population covariance. The quantity with standard name covariance_over_longitude_of_eastward_wind_and_northward_wind is the covariance of the deviations of zonal and meridional air velocity about their respective zonal mean values. The data variable must be accompanied by a vertical coordinate variable or scalar coordinate variable and is calculated on an isosurface of that vertical coordinate. "Eastward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed eastward (negative westward). "Northward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed northward (negative southward). Wind is defined as a two-dimensional (horizontal) air velocity vector, with no vertical component. (Vertical motion in the atmosphere has the standard name "upward_air_velocity").
New Term
covariance_over_longitude_of_eastward_wind_and_lagrangian_tendency_of_air_pressure Pa m s-2 [PAM2] Covariance refers to the sample covariance rather than the population covariance. The quantity with standard name covariance_over_longitude_of_eastward_wind_and_lagrangian_tendency_of_air_pressure is the covariance of the deviations of zonal and upward velocity of air (in pressure coordinates) about their respective zonal mean values. The data variable must be accompanied by a vertical coordinate variable or scalar coordinate variable and is calculated on an isosurface of that vertical coordinate. "Eastward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed eastward (negative westward). "Northward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed northward (negative southward). Wind is defined as a two-dimensional (horizontal) air velocity vector, with no vertical component. (Vertical motion in the atmosphere has the standard name "upward_air_velocity").
New Term
tendency_of_mass_fraction_of_convective_cloud_ice_in_air_due_to_sublimation kg kg-1 s-1 [PRSC] The phrase "tendency_of_X" means derivative of X with respect to time. "Mass fraction" is used in the construction "mass_fraction_of_X_in_Y", where X is a material constituent of Y. It means the ratio of the mass of X to the mass of Y (including X). A chemical species or biological group denoted by X may be described by a single term such as "nitrogen" or a phrase such as "nox_expressed_as_nitrogen". Convective cloud is that produced by the convection schemes in an atmosphere model. The specification of a physical process by the phrase "due_to_" process means that the quantity named is a single term in a sum of terms which together compose the general quantity named by omitting the phrase. Sublimation is the conversion of solid into vapor.
New Term
tendency_of_mass_fraction_of_stratiform_cloud_ice_in_air_due_to_sublimation kg kg-1 s-1 [PRSC] The phrase "tendency_of_X" means derivative of X with respect to time. "Mass fraction" is used in the construction "mass_fraction_of_X_in_Y", where X is a material constituent of Y. It means the ratio of the mass of X to the mass of Y (including X). A chemical species or biological group denoted by X may be described by a single term such as "nitrogen" or a phrase such as "nox_expressed_as_nitrogen". In an atmosphere model, stratiform cloud is that produced by large-scale convergence (not the convection schemes). The specification of a physical process by the phrase "due_to_" process means that the quantity named is a single term in a sum of terms which together compose the general quantity named by omitting the phrase. Sublimation is the conversion of solid into vapor.
New Term
mass_fraction_of_water_in_soil_layer_defined_by_root_depth 1 [XXXX] "Mass fraction" is used in the construction "mass_fraction_of_X_in_Y", where X is a material constituent of Y. It means the ratio of the mass of X to the mass of Y (including X). A chemical species or biological group denoted by X may be described by a single term such as "nitrogen" or a phrase such as "nox_expressed_as_nitrogen". "Layer" means any layer with upper and lower boundaries that have constant values in some vertical coordinate. The root depth is maximum depth of soil reached by plant roots, from which they can extract moisture. Depth is the vertical distance below the surface. A coordinate variable or scalar coordinate variable with standard name root_depth can be used to specify the extent of the layer. "Water" means water in all phases.
New Term
mass_fraction_of_water_in_surface_soil_layer 1 [XXXX] "Mass fraction" is used in the construction "mass_fraction_of_X_in_Y", where X is a material constituent of Y. It means the ratio of the mass of X to the mass of Y (including X). A chemical species or biological group denoted by X may be described by a single term such as "nitrogen" or a phrase such as "nox_expressed_as_nitrogen". "Layer" means any layer with upper and lower boundaries that have constant values in some vertical coordinate. Quantities defined for a soil layer must have a vertical coordinate variable with boundaries indicating the extent of the layer(s). "Water" means water in all phases.
New Term
surface_friction_velocity m s-1 [UVAA] A velocity is a vector quantity. Friction velocity is a reference wind velocity derived from the relationship between air density and downward stress and is usually applied at a level close to the surface where stress is assumed to independent of height and approximately proportional to the square of mean velocity. The surface called "surface" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere.
New Term
tendency_of_mass_fraction_of_stratiform_cloud_water_in_air_due_to_deposition_and_condensation kg kg-1 s-1 [PRSC] The phrase "tendency_of_X" means derivative of X with respect to time. "Mass fraction" is used in the construction "mass_fraction_of_X_in_Y", where X is a material constituent of Y. It means the ratio of the mass of X to the mass of Y (including X). A chemical species or biological group denoted by X may be described by a single term such as "nitrogen" or a phrase such as "nox_expressed_as_nitrogen". In an atmosphere model, stratiform cloud is that produced by large-scale convergence (not the convection schemes). The specification of a physical process by the phrase "due_to_" process means that the quantity named is a single term in a sum of terms which together compose the general quantity named by omitting the phrase. Deposition is the opposite of sublimation, i.e. it is the conversion of vapor into solid. Deposition in clouds is distinct from the processes of dry deposition and wet deposition of atmospheric aerosol particles, which are referred to in some standard names. Condensation is the conversion of vapor into liquid.
New Term
lake_area_fraction 1 [XXXX] "Area fraction" is the fraction of a grid cell's horizontal area that has some characteristic of interest. It is evaluated as the area of interest divided by the grid cell area, or if the cell_methods restricts the evaluation to some portion of that grid cell (e.g. "where sea_ice"), then it is the area of interest divided by the area of the identified portion. It may be expressed as a fraction, a percentage, or any other dimensionless representation of a fraction.
New Term
ocean_area_fraction 1 [XXXX] "Area fraction" is the fraction of a grid cell's horizontal area that has some characteristic of interest. It is evaluated as the area of interest divided by the grid cell area, or if the cell_methods restricts the evaluation to some portion of that grid cell (e.g. "where sea_ice"), then it is the area of interest divided by the area of the identified portion. It may be expressed as a fraction, a percentage, or any other dimensionless representation of a fraction.
New Term
atmosphere_optical_thickness_due_to_cloud_liquid_water 1 [XXXX] The optical thickness is the integral along the path of radiation of a volume scattering/absorption/attenuation coefficient. The radiative flux is reduced by a factor exp(-"optical_thickness") on traversing the path. A coordinate variable of radiation_wavelength or radiation_frequency can be specified to indicate that the optical thickness applies at specific wavelengths or frequencies. The atmosphere optical thickness applies to radiation passing through the entire atmosphere. The specification of a physical process by the phrase "due_to_" process means that the quantity named is a single term in a sum of terms which together compose the general quantity named by omitting the phrase. "Cloud liquid water" refers to the liquid phase of cloud water. A diameter of 0.2 mm has been suggested as an upper limit to the size of drops that shall be regarded as cloud drops; larger drops fall rapidly enough so that only very strong updrafts can sustain them. Any such division is somewhat arbitrary, and active cumulus clouds sometimes contain cloud drops much larger than this. Reference: AMS Glossary http://glossary.ametsoc.org/wiki/Cloud_drop.
New Term
tendency_of_mass_fraction_of_water_in_air_due_to_convective_detrainment s-1 [PRSC] The phrase "tendency_of_X" means derivative of X with respect to time. "Mass fraction" is used in the construction "mass_fraction_of_X_in_Y", where X is a material constituent of Y. It means the ratio of the mass of X to the mass of Y (including X). A chemical species or biological group denoted by X may be described by a single term such as "nitrogen" or a phrase such as "nox_expressed_as_nitrogen". "Water" means water in all phases. The specification of a physical process by the phrase "due_to_" process means that the quantity named is a single term in a sum of terms which together compose the general quantity named by omitting the phrase.
New Term
atmosphere_optical_thickness_due_to_frozen_water_in_cloud 1 [XXXX] "Cloud" means the component of extinction owing to the presence of frozen water particles. The optical thickness is the integral along the path of radiation of a volume scattering/absorption/attenuation coefficient. The radiative flux is reduced by a factor exp(-"optical_thickness") on traversing the path. A coordinate variable of radiation_wavelength or radiation_frequency can be specified to indicate that the optical thickness applies at specific wavelengths or frequencies. The specification of a physical process by the phrase "due_to_" process means that the quantity named is a single term in a sum of terms which together compose the general quantity named by omitting the phrase. The phrase "frozen_water" means ice.
New Term
tendency_of_mass_fraction_of_convective_cloud_water_in_air_due_to_deposition_and_condensation kg kg-1 s-1 [PRSC] The phrase "tendency_of_X" means derivative of X with respect to time. "Mass fraction" is used in the construction "mass_fraction_of_X_in_Y", where X is a material constituent of Y. It means the ratio of the mass of X to the mass of Y (including X). A chemical species or biological group denoted by X may be described by a single term such as "nitrogen" or a phrase such as "nox_expressed_as_nitrogen". Convective cloud is that produced by the convection schemes in an atmosphere model. The specification of a physical process by the phrase "due_to_" process means that the quantity named is a single term in a sum of terms which together compose the general quantity named by omitting the phrase. Deposition is the opposite of sublimation, i.e. it is the conversion of vapor into solid. Deposition in clouds is distinct from the processes of dry deposition and wet deposition of atmospheric aerosol particles, which are referred to in some standard names. Condensation is the conversion of vapor into liquid.
New Term
convective_solid_precipitation_flux kg m-2 s-1 [KSP2] Convective precipitation is that produced by the convection schemes in an atmosphere model. Solid precipitation refers to the precipitation of water in the solid phase. Water in the atmosphere exists in one of three phases: solid, liquid or vapor. The solid phase can exist as snow, hail, graupel, cloud ice, or as a component of aerosol. In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics.
New Term
stratiform_solid_precipitation_flux kg m-2 s-1 [KSP2] Stratiform precipitation, whether liquid or frozen, is precipitation that formed in stratiform cloud. Solid precipitation refers to the precipitation of water in the solid phase. Water in the atmosphere exists in one of three phases: solid, liquid or vapor. The solid phase can exist as snow, hail, graupel, cloud ice, or as a component of aerosol. In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics.
New Term
stratiform_liquid_precipitation_flux kg m-2 s-1 [KSP2] Stratiform precipitation, whether liquid or frozen, is precipitation that formed in stratiform cloud. "Precipitation" in the earth's atmosphere means precipitation of water in all phases, but liquid precipitation refers to non-frozen water. "Liquid_precipitation" includes both "rain" and "drizzle". "Rain" means drops of water falling through the atmosphere that have a diameter greater than 0.5 mm. "Drizzle" means drops of water falling through the atmosphere that have a diameter typically in the range 0.2-0.5 mm. In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics.
New Term
convective_liquid_precipitation_flux kg m-2 s-1 [KSP2] Convective precipitation is that produced by the convection schemes in an atmosphere model. "Precipitation" in the earth's atmosphere means precipitation of water in all phases, but liquid precipitation refers to non-frozen water. "Liquid_precipitation" includes both "rain" and "drizzle". "Rain" means drops of water falling through the atmosphere that have a diameter greater than 0.5 mm. "Drizzle" means drops of water falling through the atmosphere that have a diameter typically in the range 0.2-0.5 mm. In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics.
New Term
cell_y_length m [ULAA] "Cell" refers to a model grid-cell. "Cell_y_length" is the length of the grid-cell in the y direction of the model grid.
New Term
cell_x_length_for_velocity m [ULAA] "Cell" refers to a model grid-cell. The quantity with standard name cell_x_length_for_velocity is the length of the grid-cell in the x direction of the model grid used to calculate flow in channels that are too narrow to be accurately represented at the horizontal resolution of the grid. The cell_x_length_for_velocity is less than the length that can be calculated directly from the grid coordinates, which has the standard name cell_x_length.
New Term
cell_y_length_for_velocity m [ULAA] "Cell" refers to a model grid-cell. The quantity with standard name cell_y_length_for_velocity is the length of the grid-cell in the y direction of the model grid used to calculate flow in channels that are too narrow to be accurately represented at the horizontal resolution of the grid. The cell_y_length_for_velocity is less than the length that can be calculated directly from the grid coordinates, which has the standard name cell_y_length.
New Term
cell_x_length m [ULAA] "Cell" refers to a model grid-cell. "Cell_x_length" is the length of the grid-cell in the x direction of the model grid.
New Term
ocean_salt_transport_across_line kg s-1 [KGPS] "Ocean salt transport" refers to the mass of salt being transported by the ocean by all processes. Transport "across_line" means that which crosses a particular line on the Earth's surface; formally this means the integral along the line of the normal component of the transport.
New Term
ocean_freshwater_transport_across_line kg s-1 [KGPS] Ocean transport means transport by all processes, both sea water and sea ice. Transport "across_line" means that which crosses a particular line on the Earth's surface; formally this means the integral along the line of the normal component of the transport.
New Term
sea_bed_downward_stress_due_to_dissipation_of_sea_surface_waves N m-2 [UNSM] Ocean processes such as waves and currents can generate forces (or stress) on the sea bed. The surface called "sea bed" means the lower boundary of the ocean. "Stress" means the shear stress (force per unit area) exerted at the sea bed. A downward stress is a downward flux of momentum. "Downward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed downward (as the water is acting on the sea bed). The specification of a physical process by the phrase "due_to_" process means that the quantity named is a single term in a sum of terms which together compose the general quantity named by omitting the phrase. The phrase "dissipation_of_sea_surface_waves" means the stress associated with sea surface waves dissipation processes through bottom friction.
New Term
sea_bed_downward_stress_due_to_dissipation_of_ocean_current N m-2 [UNSM] Ocean processes such as waves and currents can generate forces (or stress) on the sea bed. The surface called "sea bed" means the lower boundary of the ocean. "Stress" means the shear stress (force per unit area) exerted at the sea bed. A downward stress is a downward flux of momentum. "Downward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed downward (as the water is acting on the sea bed). The specification of a physical process by the phrase "due_to_" process means that the quantity named is a single term in a sum of terms which together compose the general quantity named by omitting the phrase. The phrase "dissipation_of_ocean_current" means the stress associated with ocean current dissipation processes through bottom friction.
New Term
sea_bed_downward_stress N m-2 [UNSM] Ocean processes such as waves and currents can generate forces (or stress) on the sea bed. The surface called "sea bed" means the lower boundary of the ocean. "Stress" means the shear stress (force per unit area) exerted at the sea bed. A downward stress is a downward flux of momentum. "Downward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed downward (as the water is acting on the sea bed).
New Term
ocean_heat_transport_across_line W [WATT] "Ocean heat transport" means total heat transport by the ocean by all processes. Transport "across_line" means that which crosses a particular line on the Earth's surface; formally this means the integral along the line of the normal component of the transport.
New Term
modis_liquid_topped_cloud_area_fraction 1 [UUUU] P07 id: I49JSQC6 Liquid means liquid-topped clouds, as seen by the MODIS simulator. To distinguish that these are cloud area fractions as seen by a specific satellite instrument simulator, not the same as cloud area fractions diagnosed by the native model, the prefix format of satellite name_ is employed. "Area fraction" is the fraction of a grid cell's horizontal area that has some characteristic of interest. It is evaluated as the area of interest divided by the grid cell area, or if the cell_methods restricts the evaluation to some portion of that grid cell (e.g. "where sea_ice"), then it is the area of interest divided by the area of the identified portion.
Updated term description
modis_ice_topped_cloud_area_fraction 1 [UUUU] P07 id: OKOVAI5O Ice means ice-topped clouds, as seen by the MODIS simulator. To distinguish that these are cloud area fractions as seen by a specific satellite instrument simulator, not the same as cloud area fractions diagnosed by the native model, the prefix format of satellite name_ is employed. "Area fraction" is the fraction of a grid cell's horizontal area that has some characteristic of interest. It is evaluated as the area of interest divided by the grid cell area, or if the cell_methods restricts the evaluation to some portion of that grid cell (e.g. "where sea_ice"), then it is the area of interest divided by the area of the identified portion.
Updated term description
modis_cloud_area_fraction 1 [UUUU] P07 id: 3N2L16JR The MODIS cloud area fraction is diagnosed from atmosphere model output by the MODIS simulator software in such a way as to be comparable with the observational diagnostics of MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer). Cloud area fraction is also called “cloud amount” and “cloud cover.” As seen from above, mean fraction of grid column occupied by cloud of optical depths and heights specified by the tau and pressure intervals given above. Dimensions of the histogram are cloud top pressure and cloud optical depth. To distinguish that these are cloud area fractions as seen by a specific satellite instrument simulator, not the same as cloud area fractions diagnosed by the native model, the prefix format of satellite name_ is employed. "Area fraction" is the fraction of a grid cell's horizontal area that has some characteristic of interest. It is evaluated as the area of interest divided by the grid cell area, or if the cell_methods restricts the evaluation to some portion of that grid cell (e.g. "where sea_ice"), then it is the area of interest divided by the area of the identified portion.
Updated term description
misr_cloud_area_fraction 1 Cloud area fraction is also called "cloud amount" and "cloud cover". The cloud area fraction is for the whole atmosphere column, as seen from the surface or the top of the atmosphere. For the cloud area fraction between specified levels in the atmosphere, standard names including "cloud_area_fraction_in_atmosphere_layer" are used. Standard names also exist for high, medium and low cloud types. "Area fraction" is the fraction of a grid cell's horizontal area that has some characteristic of interest. It is evaluated as the area of interest divided by the grid cell area, or if the cell_methods restricts the evaluation to some portion of that grid cell (e.g. "where sea_ice"), then it is the area of interest divided by the area of the identified portion. It may be expressed as a fraction, a percentage, or any other dimensionless representation of a fraction.
New Term
mole_concentration_of_particulate_organic_matter_expressed_as_carbon_in_sea_water mol m-3 [MLM3] Mole concentration means number of moles per unit volume, also called "molarity", and is used in the construction mole_concentration_of_X_in_Y, where X is a material constituent of Y. A chemical or biological species denoted by X may be described by a single term such as "nitrogen" or a phrase such as "nox_expressed_as_nitrogen". The phrase "expressed_as" is used in the construction A_expressed_as_B, where B is a chemical constituent of A. It means that the quantity indicated by the standard name is calculated solely with respect to the B contained in A, neglecting all other chemical constituents of A.
New Term
ocean_surface_wave_mean_period_swell s [UTBB] Wind driven surface gravity waves at the ocean surface, generated by the wave model, swell mean period
New Term
ocean_surface_wave_direction_sea degrees [UAAA] Wind driven surface gravity waves at the ocean surface, generated by the wave model, sea mean wave direction
New Term
ocean_surface_significant_wave_height_swell m [ULAA] Wind driven surface gravity waves at the ocean surface, generated by the wave model , swell wave height
New Term
ocean_surface_wave_mean_period s [UTBB] Wind driven surface gravity waves at the ocean surface, generated by the wave model, mean period
New Term
ocean_surface_wave_peak_period s [UTBB] Wind driven surface gravity waves at the ocean surface, generated by the wave model, spectral peak period
New Term
ocean_surface_wave_peak_period_sea s [UTBB] Wind driven surface gravity waves at the ocean surface, generated by the wave model, sea spectral peak period
New Term
ocean_surface_wave_peak_period_swell s [UTBB] Wind driven surface gravity waves at the ocean surface, generated by the wave model, swell spectral peak period
New Term
ocean_surface_significant_wave_height m [ULAA] Wind driven surface gravity waves at the ocean surface, generated by the wave model , wave Height
New Term
ocean_surface_wave_mean_period_sea s [UTBB] Wind driven surface gravity waves at the ocean surface, generated by the wave model, sea mean period
New Term
ocean_surface_wave_direction degrees [UAAA] Wind driven surface gravity waves at the ocean surface, generated by the wave model, mean wave direction
New Term
ocean_surface_significant_wave_height_sea m [ULAA] Wind driven surface gravity waves at the ocean surface, generated by the wave model , sea wave height
New Term
ocean_surface_wave_direction_swell degrees [UAAA] Wind driven surface gravity waves at the ocean surface, generated by the wave model, swell mean wave direction
New Term
photolysis_rate_of_ozone s-1 [PRSC] P07 id: U5OFMC8F "Photolysis" is a chemical reaction in which a chemical compound is broken down by photons. The "reaction rate" is the rate at which the reactants of a chemical reaction form the products. The chemical formula for ozone is O3. The IUPAC name for ozone is trioxygen. The quantity with standard name photolysis_rate_of_ozone is the rate of photolytic loss of ozone, including all possible photolysis channels to form ground state atomic oxygen (O3P ) and excited (singlet D) atomic oxygen (O1D). Photolysis to the excited state only has the standard name photolysis_rate_of_ozone_to_atomic_singlet_oxygen.
Updated term description
photolysis_rate_of_ozone_to_atomic_singlet_oxygen s-1 [PRSC] "Photolysis" is a chemical reaction in which a chemical compound is broken down by photons. The "reaction rate" is the rate at which the reactants of a chemical reaction form the products. The chemical formula for ozone is O3. The IUPAC name for ozone is trioxygen. The phrase "atomic_singlet_oxygen" means the singlet D state, an excited state, of the oxygen atom. The combined photolysis rate of ozone to both excited and ground state oxygen atoms has the standard name photolysis_rate_of_ozone.
Term change from: photolysis_rate_of_ozone_to_1D_oxygen_atom
acoustic_centre_of_mass_in_sea_water m [ULAA] P07 id: PH4D8A5Y Acoustic centre of mass is the average of all sampled depths weighted by their volume backscattering coefficient. Volume backscattering coefficient is the linear form of acoustic_volume_backscattering_strength_in_sea_water. For further details see Urmy et. al (2012) doi:10.1093/icesjms/fsr205.
Updated term description
ocean_wet_mass_content_of_upper_mesopelagic_micronekton g m-2 [UGMS] Component of the micronekton that inhabits permanently the upper mesopelagic layer. The upper mesopelagic layer is the upper half of the ocean layer that isn't totally dark but has light levels that are insufficient for photosynthesis. "Wet_mass" is the mass of a sample before any water has been removed. "Content" indicates a quantity per unit area. The "ocean content" of a quantity refers to the vertical integral within the specified vertical bounds. Micronekton is a group of organisms that range in size from 2 to 20 cm and are capable of swimming independently of ocean currents.
New Term
ocean_wet_mass_content_of_lower_mesopelagic_micronekton g m-2 [UGMS] Component of the micronekton that inhabits permanently the lower mesopelagic layer. The lower mesopelagic layer is the lower half of the ocean layer that isn't totally dark but has light levels that are insufficient for photosynthesis. "Wet_mass" is the mass of a sample before any water has been removed. "Content" indicates a quantity per unit area. The "ocean content" of a quantity refers to the vertical integral within the specified vertical bounds. Micronekton is a group of organisms that range in size from 2 to 20 cm and are capable of swimming independently of ocean currents.
New Term
ocean_wet_mass_content_of_migrant_upper_mesopelagic_micronekton g m-2 [UGMS] Component of the micronekton that inhabits the upper mesopelagic layer during daytime and the epipelagic layer during nighttime. The upper mesopelagic layer is the upper half of the ocean layer that isn't totally dark but has light levels that are insufficient for photosynthesis. The epipelagic layer is the ocean layer with light levels sufficient for photosynthesis. "Wet_mass" is the mass of a sample before any water has been removed. "Content" indicates a quantity per unit area. The "ocean content" of a quantity refers to the vertical integral within the specified vertical bounds. Micronekton is a group of organisms that range in size from 2 to 20 cm and are capable of swimming independently of ocean currents.
New Term
ocean_wet_mass_content_of_epipelagic_micronekton g m-2 [UGMS] Component of the micronekton that inhabits permanently the epipelagic layer. The epipelagic layer is the ocean layer with light levels sufficient for photosynthesis. "Wet_mass" is the mass of a sample before any water has been removed. "Content" indicates a quantity per unit area. The "ocean content" of a quantity refers to the vertical integral within the specified vertical bounds. Micronekton is a group of organisms that range in size from 2 to 20 cm and are capable of swimming independently of ocean currents.
New Term
ocean_wet_mass_content_of_highly_migrant_lower_mesopelagic_micronekton g m-2 [UGMS] Component of the micronekton that inhabits the lower mesopelagic layer during daytime and the epipelagic layer during nighttime. The lower mesopelagic layer is the lower half of the ocean layer that isn't totally dark but has light levels that are insufficient for photosynthesis. The epipelagic layer is the ocean layer with light levels sufficient for photosynthesis. "Wet_mass" is the mass of a sample before any water has been removed. "Content" indicates a quantity per unit area. The "ocean content" of a quantity refers to the vertical integral within the specified vertical bounds. Micronekton is a group of organisms that range in size from 2 to 20 cm and are capable of swimming independently of ocean currents.
New Term
ocean_wet_mass_content_of_migrant_lower_mesopelagic_micronekton g m-2 [UGMS] Component of the micronekton that inhabits the lower mesopelagic layer during daytime, and the upper mesopelagic layer during nighttime. The lower mesopelagic layer is the lower half of the ocean layer that isn't totally dark but has light levels that are insufficient for photosynthesis. The upper mesopelagic layer is the upper half of the ocean layer that isn't totally dark but has light levels that are insufficient for photosynthesis. "Content" indicates a quantity per unit area. The "ocean content" of a quantity refers to the vertical integral within the specified vertical bounds. Micronekton is a group of organisms that range in size from 2 to 20 cm and are capable of swimming independently of ocean currents.
New Term
land_ice_surface_mass_balance_rate m s-1 [UVAA] "Land ice" means glaciers, ice-caps and ice-sheets resting on bedrock and also includes ice-shelves. "Surface mass balance" means the net rate at which ice is added at the land ice surface due to all processes of surface accumulation and ablation. A negative value means loss of ice.
Term change from: land_ice_surface_specific_mass_balance_rate
land_ice_basal_mass_balance_flux kg m-2 s-1 [KSP2] "Land ice" means glaciers, ice-caps and ice-sheets resting on bedrock and also includes ice-shelves. In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. "Mass balance flux" means the net rate at which ice is added per unit area. A negative value means loss of ice. For an area-average, the cell_methods attribute should be used to specify whether the average is over the area of the whole grid cell or the area of land ice only. "Basal mass balance flux" means the net rate at which ice is added per unit area at the land ice base.
Term change from: land_ice_basal_specific_mass_balance_flux
land_ice_lwe_surface_mass_balance_rate m s-1 [UVAA] "Land ice" means glaciers, ice-caps and ice-sheets resting on bedrock and also includes ice-shelves. "lwe" means liquid water equivalent. "Surface mass balance" means the net rate at which ice is added per unit area at the land ice surface due to all processes of surface accumulation and ablation. A negative value means loss of ice.
Term change from: land_ice_lwe_surface_specific_mass_balance_rate
land_ice_surface_mass_balance_flux kg m-2 s-1 [KSP2] "Land ice" means glaciers, ice-caps and ice-sheets resting on bedrock and also includes ice-shelves. In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. "Mass balance flux" means the net rate at which ice is added per unit area. A negative value means loss of ice. For an area-average, the cell_methods attribute should be used to specify whether the average is over the area of the whole grid cell or the area of land ice only. "Surface mass balance flux" means the net rate at which ice is added per unit area at the land ice surface due to all processes of surface accumulation and ablation.
Term change from: land_ice_surface_specific_mass_balance_flux
tendency_of_land_ice_amount_due_to_calving_and_ice_front_melting kg m-2 s-1 [KSP2] "Land ice" means glaciers, ice-caps and ice-sheets resting on bedrock and also includes ice-shelves. In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. "Specific mass flux due to calving and ice front melting" means the change in land ice mass per unit area resulting from iceberg calving and melting on the vertical ice front. A negative value means loss of ice. For an area-average, the cell_methods attribute should be used to specify whether the average is over the area of the whole grid cell or the area of land ice only. The specification of a physical process by the phrase "due_to_" process means that the quantity named is a single term in a sum of terms which together compose the general quantity named by omitting the phrase.
Term change from: land_ice_specific_mass_flux_due_to_calving_and_ice_front_melting
tendency_of_land_ice_amount kg m-2 s-1 [KSP2] "Amount" means mass per unit area. Zero change in land ice amount is an arbitrary level. "Land ice" means glaciers, ice-caps and ice-sheets resting on bedrock and also includes ice-shelves. "tendency_of_X" means derivative of X with respect to time.
Term change from: tendency_of_change_in_land_ice_amount
tendency_of_land_ice_amount_due_to_calving kg m-2 s-1 [KSP2] "Land ice" means glaciers, ice-caps and ice-sheets resting on bedrock and also includes ice-shelves. "Specific mass flux due to calving" means the change in land ice mass per unit area resulting from iceberg calving. A negative value means loss of ice. For an area-average, the cell_methods attribute should be used to specify whether the average is over the area of the whole grid cell or the area of land ice only. In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. The specification of a physical process by the phrase "due_to_" process means that the quantity named is a single term in a sum of terms which together compose the general quantity named by omitting the phrase.
Term change from: land_ice_specific_mass_flux_due_to_calving
air_virtual_temperature K [UPKA] The virtual temperature of air is the temperature at which the dry air constituent of a parcel of moist air would have the same density as the moist air at the same pressure. It is strongly recommended that a variable with this standard name should have a units_metadata attribute, with one of the values "on-scale" or "difference", whichever is appropriate for the data, because it is essential to know whether the temperature is on-scale (meaning relative to the origin of the scale indicated by the units) or refers to temperature differences (implying that the origin of the temperature scale is irrevelant), in order to convert the units correctly (cf. https://cfconventions.org/cf-conventions/cf-conventions.html#temperature-units).
Term change from: virtual_temperature
global_mean_thermosteric_sea_level_change m [ULAA] Global average thermosteric sea level change is the part caused by change in density due to change in temperature i.e. thermal expansion. This in turn results in a change in volume of the world ocean. Zero sea level change is an arbitrary level. Because global average sea level change quantifies the change in volume of the world ocean, it is not calculated necessarily by considering local changes in mean sea level.
Term change from: global_average_thermosteric_sea_level_change
amplitude_of_global_mean_sea_level_change m [ULAA] Global average sea level change is due to change in volume of the water in the ocean, caused by mass and/or density change, or to change in the volume of the ocean basins, caused by tectonics etc. It is sometimes called "eustatic", which is a term that also has other definitions. It differs from the change in the global average sea surface height relative to the centre of the Earth by the global average vertical movement of the ocean floor. Zero sea level change is an arbitrary level. Amplitude is the magnitude of a wave modelled by a sinusoidal function. A coordinate variable of harmonic_period should be used to specify the period of the sinusoidal wave. Because global average sea level change quantifies the change in volume of the world ocean, it is not calculated necessarily by considering local changes in mean sea level.
Term change from: amplitude_of_global_average_sea_level_change
global_mean_steric_sea_level_change m [ULAA] Global average steric sea level change is caused by changes in sea water density due to changes in temperature (thermosteric) and salinity (halosteric). This in turn results in a change in volume of the world ocean. Zero sea level change is an arbitrary level. Because global average sea level change quantifies the change in volume of the world ocean, it is not calculated necessarily by considering local changes in mean sea level.
Term change from: global_average_steric_sea_level_change
change_in_sea_surface_height_due_to_change_in_air_pressure_and_wind_at_high_frequency m [ULAA] The specification of a physical process by the phrase due_to_process means that the quantity named is a single term in a sum of terms which together compose the general quantity named by omitting the phrase. "Air pressure and wind at high frequency" means variations in air pressure with periods shorter than 20 days. These give rise to corresponding variations in sea surface topography. The quantity sea_surface_height_correction_due_to_air_pressure_and_wind_at_high_frequency should be applied by adding it to the quantity with standard name altimeter_range. Additional altimeter range corrections are given by the quantities with standard names altimeter_range_correction_due_to_wet_troposphere, altimeter_range_correction_due_to_dry_troposphere, altimeter_range_correction_due_to_ionosphere and sea_surface_height_correction_due_to_air_pressure_at_low_frequency.
Term change from: sea_surface_height_correction_due_to_air_pressure_and_wind_at_high_frequency
phase_of_global_mean_sea_level_change degree [UAAA] Global average sea level change is due to change in volume of the water in the ocean, caused by mass and/or density change, or to change in the volume of the ocean basins, caused by tectonics etc. It is sometimes called "eustatic", which is a term that also has other definitions. It differs from the change in the global average sea surface height relative to the centre of the Earth by the global average vertical movement of the ocean floor. Zero sea level change is an arbitrary level. Phase is the initial angle of a wave modelled by a sinusoidal function. A coordinate variable of harmonic_period should be used to specify the period of the sinusoidal wave. Because global average sea level change quantifies the change in volume of the world ocean, it is not calculated necessarily by considering local changes in mean sea level.
Term change from: phase_of_global_average_sea_level_change
rate_of_global_mean_sea_level_change m year-1 [MPYR] Global average sea level change is due to change in volume of the water in the ocean, caused by mass and/or density change, or to change in the volume of the ocean basins, caused by tectonics etc. It is sometimes called "eustatic", which is a term that also has other definitions. It differs from the change in the global average sea surface height relative to the centre of the Earth by the global average vertical movement of the ocean floor. Zero sea level change is an arbitrary level. "tendency_of_X" means derivative of X with respect to time. Because global average sea level change quantifies the change in volume of the world ocean, it is not calculated necessarily by considering local changes in mean sea level.
Term change from: tendency_of_global_average_sea_level_change
global_mean_sea_level_change m [ULAA] Global average sea level change is due to change in volume of the water in the ocean, caused by mass and/or density change, or to change in the volume of the ocean basins, caused by tectonics etc. It is sometimes called "eustatic", which is a term that also has other definitions. It differs from the change in the global average sea surface height relative to the centre of the Earth by the global average vertical movement of the ocean floor. Zero sea level change is an arbitrary level. Because global average sea level change quantifies the change in volume of the world ocean, it is not calculated necessarily by considering local changes in mean sea level.
Term change from: global_average_sea_level_change
change_in_sea_surface_height_due_to_change_in_air_pressure_at_low_frequency m [ULAA] The specification of a physical process by the phrase due_to_process means that the quantity named is a single term in a sum of terms which together compose the general quantity named by omitting the phrase. "Air pressure at low frequency" means variations in air pressure with periods longer than 20 days. These give rise to corresponding variations in sea surface topography. The quantity sea_surface_height_correction_due_to_air_pressure_at_low_frequency is commonly called the "inverted barometer effect" and the correction should be applied by adding it to the quantity with standard name altimeter_range. Additional altimeter range corrections are given by the quantities with standard names altimeter_range_correction_due_to_wet_troposphere, altimeter_range_correction_due_to_dry_troposphere, altimeter_range_correction_due_to_ionosphere and sea_surface_height_correction_due_to_air_pressure_and_wind_at_high_frequency.
Term change from: sea_surface_height_correction_due_to_air_pressure_at_low_frequency
change_in_ocean_dynamic_sea_level m [ULAA]
New Term
mean_sea_level_height_above_reference_ellipsoid m [ULAA]
New Term
manometric_change_in_sea_surface_height m [ULAA]
New Term
change_in_mean_sea_level_wrt_reference_ellipsoid m [ULAA]
New Term
change_in_mean_sea_level_due_to_change_in_air_pressure m [ULAA]
New Term
manometric_change_in_mean_sea_level m [ULAA]
New Term
change_in_mean_sea_level_due_to_change_in_geoid_and_solid_earth_deformation m [ULAA]
New Term
sterodynamic_change_in_sea_level m [ULAA]
New Term
change_in_height_of_solid_surface_wrt_reference_ellipsoid m [ULAA]
New Term
change_in_mean_sea_level_due_to_change_in_global_ocean_mass_and_geoid_and_solid_earth_deformation m [ULAA]
New Term
wave_mixing_energy_flux_into_sea_water W m-2 [UFAA]
New Term
magnitude_of_horizontal_gradient_of_mass_concentration_of_chlorophyll_a_in_sea_water kg m-4 'Mass concentration' means mass per unit volume and is used in the construction mass_concentration_of_X_in_Y, where X is a material constituent of Y. A chemical or biological species denoted by X may be described by a single term such as 'nitrogen' or a phrase such as 'nox_expressed_as_nitrogen'. Chlorophylls are the green pigments found in most plants, algae and cyanobacteria; their presence is essential for photosynthesis to take place. There are several different forms of chlorophyll that occur naturally. All contain a chlorin ring (chemical formula C20H16N4) which gives the green pigment and a side chain whose structure varies. The naturally occurring forms of chlorophyll contain between 35 and 55 carbon atoms. Chlorophyll-a is the most commonly occurring form of natural chlorophyll. The chemical formula of chlorophyll-a is C55H72O5N4Mg.
New Term
aragonite_saturation_state_in_sea_water
New Term
vegetation_roughtness_length m [ULAA] "Vegetation roughness" in fluid dynamics means the surface roughness caused by vegetation in impeding the flow.
New Term
lwe_frozen_precipitation_rate m s-1 [UVAA] "Frozen Precipitation" in the earth's atmosphere means precipitation of water in frozen phase only. The abbreviation "lwe" means liquid water equivalent.
New Term
freezing_temperature_of_sea_water K [UPKA] P07 id: CFSN0625 It is strongly recommended that a variable with this standard name should have a units_metadata attribute, with one of the values "on-scale" or "difference", whichever is appropriate for the data, because it is essential to know whether the temperature is on-scale (meaning relative to the origin of the scale indicated by the units) or refers to temperature differences (implying that the origin of the temperature scale is irrevelant), in order to convert the units correctly (cf. https://cfconventions.org/cf-conventions/cf-conventions.html#temperature-units).
Updated term description
ratio_of_sea_water_potential_temperature_anomaly_to_relaxation_timescale K s-1 [KPRS] P07 id: AD85SZNH The quantity with standard name ratio_of_sea_water_potential_temperature_anomaly_to_relaxation_timescale is a correction term applied to modelled sea water potential temperature. The term is estimated as the deviation of model local sea water potential temperature from an observation-based climatology (e.g. World Ocean Database) weighted by a user-specified relaxation coefficient in s-1 (1/(relaxation timescale)). Potential temperature is the temperature a parcel of air or sea water would have if moved adiabatically to sea level pressure. The phrase "ratio_of_X_to_Y" means X/Y. The term "anomaly" means difference from climatology. It is strongly recommended to include a units_metadata attribute.
Updated term description
true_state_altitude Atmospheric altitudes representing the true atmospheric state (analogous to the altitudes representing the measured or modelled atmosphere).
New Term
true_state_pressure Atmospheric pressures representing the true atmospheric state (analogous to the pressures representing the measured or modelled atmosphere).
New Term
eigenmode Modes representing different patterns (e.g. vertically correlated atmospheric patterns). Ordering is from most important modes to less important modes.
New Term
air_virtual_potential_temperature K [UPKA] The virtual potential temperature of air is the potential temperature at which the dry air constituent of a parcel of moist air would have the same density as the moist air at the same pressure. It is strongly recommended that a variable with this standard name should have a units_metadata attribute, with one of the values "on-scale" or "difference", whichever is appropriate for the data, because it is essential to know whether the temperature is on-scale (meaning relative to the origin of the scale indicated by the units) or refers to temperature differences (implying that the origin of the temperature scale is irrevelant), in order to convert the units correctly (cf. https://cfconventions.org/cf-conventions/cf-conventions.html#temperature-units).
New Term
water_surface_height_above_reference_datum m [ULAA] P07 id: CF15N1 'Water surface height above reference datum' means the height of the upper surface of a body of liquid water, such as sea, lake or river, above an arbitrary reference datum. The altitude of the datum should be provided in a variable with standard name water_surface_reference_datum_altitude. The surface called "surface" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere. Nevertheless, the reference datum could be a geophysical surface, a height with respect to a geophysical surface, or a local benchmark attached to the land. Because the definition of the datum may vary from one place to another, spatial differences in actual tidal_sea_surface_height_above_reference_datum are not generally physically meaningful. However, local differences in this quantity over time are physically meaningful.
Updated term description
volume_fraction_of_ridged_ice_in_sea_ice 1 [UUUU]
New Term
mass_fraction_of_frozen_water_in_air 1 [UUUU] The phrase "frozen_water" means ice. "Mass fraction" is used in the construction "mass_fraction_of_X_in_Y", where X is a material constituent of Y. It means the ratio of the mass of X to the mass of Y (including X). A chemical species or biological group denoted by X may be described by a single term such as "nitrogen" or a phrase such as "nox_expressed_as_nitrogen".
New Term
number_of_days_with_air_temperature_above_threshold 1 [UUUU] P07 id: CFV13N11 Air temperature is the bulk temperature of the air, not the surface (skin) temperature. A variable whose standard name has the form number_of_days_with_X_below|above_threshold is a count of the number of days on which the condition X_below|above_threshold is satisfied. It must have a climatological time variable, and a cell_methods entry for within days which describes the processing of quantity X before the threshold is applied. A number_of_days is an extensive quantity in time, and the cell_methods entry for over days should be "sum".
It must give information about the threshold in one or both of the following two ways.
With an explicit threshold in a coordinate variable or scalar coordinate variable with the standard name of X, or with a percentile threshold given in a scalar coordinate variable with the standard name cumulative_probability_of_X.
Updated term description
cumulative_probability_of_air_temperature 1 [UUUU] A probability percentile.
New Term
mass_concentration_of_prochlorococcus_expressed_as_chlorophyll_in_sea_water mg m-3 [UMMC] Mass concentration means mass per unit volume and is used in the construction mass_concentration_of_X_in_Y, where X is a material constituent of Y. A chemical or biological species denoted by X may be described by a single term such as "nitrogen" or a phrase such as "nox_expressed_as_nitrogen". The phrase "expressed_as" is used in the construction A_expressed_as_B, where B is a chemical constituent of A. It means that the quantity indicated by the standard name is calculated solely with respect to the B contained in A, neglecting all other chemical constituents of A. Chlorophylls are the green pigments found in most plants, algae and cyanobacteria; their presence is essential for photosynthesis to take place. There are several different forms of chlorophyll that occur naturally. All contain a chlorin ring (chemical formula C20H16N4) which gives the green pigment and a side chain whose structure varies. The naturally occurring forms of chlorophyll contain between 35 and 55 carbon atoms. Prochlorococcus are marine Prokaryotes with an extremely small cell, containing divinyl chlorophyll a and b as their primary photosynthetic pigments and adapted to the high-light, oligotrophic, warm waters of the tropical and subtropical regions of the world’s oceans.
New Term
mass_concentration_of_greenalgae_expressed_as_chlorophyll_in_sea_water mg m-3 [UMMC] Mass concentration means mass per unit volume and is used in the construction mass_concentration_of_X_in_Y, where X is a material constituent of Y. A chemical or biological species denoted by X may be described by a single term such as "nitrogen" or a phrase such as "nox_expressed_as_nitrogen". The phrase "expressed_as" is used in the construction A_expressed_as_B, where B is a chemical constituent of A. It means that the quantity indicated by the standard name is calculated solely with respect to the B contained in A, neglecting all other chemical constituents of A. Chlorophylls are the green pigments found in most plants, algae and cyanobacteria; their presence is essential for photosynthesis to take place. There are several different forms of chlorophyll that occur naturally. All contain a chlorin ring (chemical formula C20H16N4) which gives the green pigment and a side chain whose structure varies. The naturally occurring forms of chlorophyll contain between 35 and 55 carbon atoms. Green Alge are small green unicellular flagellates caractherized by the presence of Chlorophyll b.
New Term
mass_concentration_of_haptophytes_expressed_as_chlorophyll_in_sea_water mg m-3 [UMMC] Mass concentration means mass per unit volume and is used in the construction mass_concentration_of_X_in_Y, where X is a material constituent of Y. A chemical or biological species denoted by X may be described by a single term such as "nitrogen" or a phrase such as "nox_expressed_as_nitrogen". The phrase "expressed_as" is used in the construction A_expressed_as_B, where B is a chemical constituent of A. It means that the quantity indicated by the standard name is calculated solely with respect to the B contained in A, neglecting all other chemical constituents of A. Chlorophylls are the green pigments found in most plants, algae and cyanobacteria; their presence is essential for photosynthesis to take place. There are several different forms of chlorophyll that occur naturally. All contain a chlorin ring (chemical formula C20H16N4) which gives the green pigment and a side chain whose structure varies. The naturally occurring forms of chlorophyll contain between 35 and 55 carbon atoms. Haptophytes are mainly unicellular marine algae which play an important role in the DMSP production and in calcifying.
New Term
mass_concentration_of_dinoflagellates_expressed_as_chlorophyll_in_sea_water mg m-3 [UMMC] Mass concentration means mass per unit volume and is used in the construction mass_concentration_of_X_in_Y, where X is a material constituent of Y. A chemical or biological species denoted by X may be described by a single term such as "nitrogen" or a phrase such as "nox_expressed_as_nitrogen". The phrase "expressed_as" is used in the construction A_expressed_as_B, where B is a chemical constituent of A. It means that the quantity indicated by the standard name is calculated solely with respect to the B contained in A, neglecting all other chemical constituents of A. Chlorophylls are the green pigments found in most plants, algae and cyanobacteria; their presence is essential for photosynthesis to take place. There are several different forms of chlorophyll that occur naturally. All contain a chlorin ring (chemical formula C20H16N4) which gives the green pigment and a side chain whose structure varies. The naturally occurring forms of chlorophyll contain between 35 and 55 carbon atoms. Dinoflagellates (dinophytes) are mostly unicellular, rarely colonial, biflagellated algae with cell walls firm, or reinforced with polygonal plates. They produce some of the most potent toxins known.
New Term
mass_concentration_of_prokaryotes_expressed_as_chlorophyll_in_sea_water mg m-3 [UMMC] Mass concentration means mass per unit volume and is used in the construction mass_concentration_of_X_in_Y, where X is a material constituent of Y. A chemical or biological species denoted by X may be described by a single term such as "nitrogen" or a phrase such as "nox_expressed_as_nitrogen". The phrase "expressed_as" is used in the construction A_expressed_as_B, where B is a chemical constituent of A. It means that the quantity indicated by the standard name is calculated solely with respect to the B contained in A, neglecting all other chemical constituents of A. Chlorophylls are the green pigments found in most plants, algae and cyanobacteria; their presence is essential for photosynthesis to take place. There are several different forms of chlorophyll that occur naturally. All contain a chlorin ring (chemical formula C20H16N4) which gives the green pigment and a side chain whose structure varies. The naturally occurring forms of chlorophyll contain between 35 and 55 carbon atoms. Prokaryotes group refers to those phytoplankters characterized by a prokaryotic cell and represents the main component of picophytoplankton.
New Term
mass_concentration_of_cryptophytes_expressed_as_chlorophyll_in_sea_water mg m-3 [UMMC] Mass concentration means mass per unit volume and is used in the construction mass_concentration_of_X_in_Y, where X is a material constituent of Y. A chemical or biological species denoted by X may be described by a single term such as "nitrogen" or a phrase such as "nox_expressed_as_nitrogen". The phrase "expressed_as" is used in the construction A_expressed_as_B, where B is a chemical constituent of A. It means that the quantity indicated by the standard name is calculated solely with respect to the B contained in A, neglecting all other chemical constituents of A. Chlorophylls are the green pigments found in most plants, algae and cyanobacteria; their presence is essential for photosynthesis to take place. There are several different forms of chlorophyll that occur naturally. All contain a chlorin ring (chemical formula C20H16N4) which gives the green pigment and a side chain whose structure varies. The naturally occurring forms of chlorophyll contain between 35 and 55 carbon atoms. Cryptophytes are flaggellated unicellular organisms attributable to nanophytoplanktonic component, very rich in fatty acids and therefore a high quality food source for herbivorous zooplankton.
New Term
tidal_sea_surface_height_above_reference_datum m [ULAA] "Sea surface height" is a time-varying quantity. "Height_above_X" means the vertical distance above the named surface X, in this case above an arbitrary reference datum. The tidal component of sea surface height describes the predicted variability of the sea surface due to astronomic forcing (chiefly lunar and solar cycles) and shallow water resonance of tidal components; for example as generated based on harmonic analysis, or resulting from the application of harmonic tidal series as boundary conditions to a numerical tidal model. The reference datum could be a geophysical surface, a height with respect to a geophysical surface, or a local benchmark attached to the land. Because the definition of the datum may vary from one place to another, spatial differences in actual tidal_sea_surface_height_above_reference_datum are not generally physically meaningful. However, local differences in this quantity over time are physically meaningful.
New Term
sea_floor_sediment_age_before_1950 s [UTBB] "sediment_age" means the length of time elapsed since the sediment was deposited. "before_1950" is a transparent representation of the phrase "before_present" used in the geological and archaeological domains to refer to time elapsed between an event and 1950 AD. "sea_floor_sediment" is sediment deposited at the sea bed.
New Term
mass_concentration_of_prokaryotes_expressed_as_carbon_in_sea_water Kg m-3 [UKMC] "Mass concentration" means mass per unit volume and is used in the construction "mass_concentration_of_X_in_Y", where X is a material constituent of Y. A chemical species or biological group denoted by X may be described by a single term such as "nitrogen" or a phrase such as "nox_expressed_as_nitrogen". The phrase "expressed_as" is used in the construction A_expressed_as_B, where B is a chemical constituent of A. It means that the quantity indicated by the standard name is calculated solely with respect to the B contained in A, neglecting all other chemical constituents of A. "Prokaryotes” are all Bacteria and Archaea excluding photosynthetic cyanobacteria such as Synechococcus and Prochlorococcus or other separately named components of the procaryotic population.
New Term
mole_concentration_of_prokaryotes_expressed_as_carbon_in_sea_water mol m-3 [MLM3] Mole concentration means number of moles per unit volume, also called "molarity", and is used in the construction mole_concentration_of_X_in_Y, where X is a material constituent of Y. A chemical or biological species denoted by X may be described by a single term such as "nitrogen" or a phrase such as "nox_expressed_as_nitrogen". The phrase "expressed_as" is used in the construction A_expressed_as_B, where B is a chemical constituent of A. It means that the quantity indicated by the standard name is calculated solely with respect to the B contained in A, neglecting all other chemical constituents of A. "Prokaryotes” are all Bacteria and Archaea excluding photosynthetic cyanobacteria such as Synechococcus and Prochlorococcus or other separately named components of the procaryotic population.
New Term
water_evapotranspiration_amount kg m-2 [KMP2] Water means water in all phases. "Evapotranspiration" means all water vapor fluxes into the atmosphere from the surface: liquid evaporation, sublimation, and transpiration. Evaporation is the conversion of liquid or solid into vapor. Transpiration is the process by which water is carried from the roots of plants and evaporates from the stomata. (The conversion of solid alone into vapor is called "sublimation".) "Amount" means mass per unit area. Unless indicated in the cell_methods attribute, a quantity is assumed to apply to the whole area of each horizontal grid box.
New Term
water_evapotranspiration_flux kg m-2 s-1 [KSP2] P07 id: OLT1W3WD Water means water in all phases. Evaporation is the conversion of liquid or solid into vapor. (The conversion of solid alone into vapor is called "sublimation".) The process of transpiration is not included. In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. Unless indicated in the cell_methods attribute, a quantity is assumed to apply to the whole area of each horizontal grid box. Previously, the qualifier where_type was used to specify that the quantity applies only to the part of the grid box of the named type. Names containing the where_type qualifier are deprecated and newly created data should use the cell_methods attribute to indicate the horizontal area to which the quantity applies.
In the versions before 56 transpiration was not mentioned and for versions 56 to 71 it was allowed to use water_evaporation_flux as an alias.
Updated term description
downward_heat_flux_at_snow_base_in_snow W m-2 [UFAA] "snow_base" means the bottom of a layer of snow which is lying on rock, soil or ice. "Downward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed downward (negative upward). In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics.
Term change from: downward_heat_flux_at_ground_level_in_snow
atmosphere_mass_content_of_rain kg m-2 [KMP2] "Content" indicates a quantity per unit area. The mass is the total mass of the molecules. The "atmosphere content" of a quantity refers to the vertical integral from the surface to the top of the atmosphere. For the content between specified levels in the atmosphere, standard names including "content_of_atmosphere_layer" are used. "Rain" means drops of water falling through the atmosphere that have a diameter greater than 0.5 mm.
New Term
water_potential_evapotranspiration_amount kg m-2 [KMP2] "Water" means water in all phases. "Evapotranspiration" means all water vapor fluxes into the atmosphere from the surface: liquid evaporation, sublimation, and transpiration. Evaporation is the conversion of liquid or solid into vapor. Transpiration is the process by which water is carried from the roots of plants and evaporates from the stomata. (The conversion of solid alone into vapor is called "sublimation".) Potential evapotranspiration is the rate at which evaporation would take place under unaltered ambient conditions (temperature, relative humidity, wind, etc.) if the supply of water were unlimited, on the surface as if from an open water surface and unlimited in the soil. "Amount" means mass per unit area.
New Term
derivative_wrt_wavelength_of_volume_absorption_coefficient_of_radiative_flux_in_sea_water_due_to_dissolved_organic_matter m-1 [UPRM] A measure of the dependency of the volume_absorption_coefficient_of_radiative_flux_in_sea_water_due_to_dissolved_organic_matter on wavelength. The wavelength range it has been calculated over is stated as an radiation_wavelength attribute (e.g. “275-295 nm”).
New Term
concentration_of_colored_dissolved_organic_matter_in_sea_water_expressed_as_fluorescence_in_raman_units nm-1 Also commonly known as Chromophoric Dissolved Organic Matter (CDOM). CDOM plays an important role in the carbon cycling and biogeochemistry of coastal waters. It occurs naturally in aquatic environments primarily as a result of matter released from decaying plant and animal matter, which can enter coastal areas in river run-off containing organic materials leached from soils. Fluorescence intensity is normalised to the integrated Raman scattering peak of pure water from excitation at 350 nm, and therefore reported in Raman Units. The wavelengths that fluorescence is measured at will depend on the sensor used and is stated as an radiation_wavelength attribute (eg. “Ex350nm Em460nm”).
New Term
mass_concentration_of_phycoerythrin_5_in_sea_water kg m-3 [UKMC] "Mass concentration" means mass per unit volume and is used in the construction "mass_concentration_of_X_in_Y", where X is a material constituent of Y. A chemical species or biological group denoted by X may be described by a single term such as "nitrogen" or a phrase such as "nox_expressed_as_nitrogen". “Phycoerythrin-5” is the concentration of phycoerythrin in the 10-5 µm fractions per unit volume of the water body.
New Term
enrichment_of_15N_in_particulate_nitrogen_in_particles_in_sea_water_expressed_as_lowercase_delta_15N_relative_to_atmospheric_nitrogen 1 [UUUU] Isotopic enrichment of 15N, often called d15N or delta 15N (lower case delta), is a measure of the ratio of stable isotopes 15N:14N. Reference: Karl, D. (2018) Sediment trap flux measurements from the Hawaii Ocean Time-Series (HOT) project at station ALOHA. Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO). doi:10.1575/1912/bco-dmo.737393.1.
New Term
mass_concentration_of_phycoerythrin_10_in_sea_water kg m-3 [UKMC] "Mass concentration" means mass per unit volume and is used in the construction "mass_concentration_of_X_in_Y", where X is a material constituent of Y. A chemical species or biological group denoted by X may be described by a single term such as "nitrogen" or a phrase such as "nox_expressed_as_nitrogen". “Phycoerythrin-10” is the concentration of phycoerythrin >10 µm fractions per unit volume of the water body.
New Term
mass_concentration_of_phycoerythrin_4_in_sea_water kg m-3 [UKMC] "Mass concentration" means mass per unit volume and is used in the construction "mass_concentration_of_X_in_Y", where X is a material constituent of Y. A chemical species or biological group denoted by X may be described by a single term such as "nitrogen" or a phrase such as "nox_expressed_as_nitrogen". “Phycoerythrin-4” is the concentration of phycoerythrin in the 5-0.4 µm fractions per unit volume of the water body.
New Term
water_volume_contained_in_river_channel m3 [MCUB] The river_channel represents a body of water flowing along a natural channel and storage refers to the amount of water stored in that channel. The quantity includes unsalted liquid water.
New Term
northward_storm_velocity m s-1 [UVAA] The northward component of storm_motion. "Northward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed northward (negative southward). Storm_motion is defined as the average speed of a storm and the direction the storm will move from.
New Term
Emily Schlie, Eric Engle, and the CAMPS team (NOAA MDL) (2020-12-22)
Standard names: **
Comments:
eastward_storm_velocity m s-1 [UVAA] The eastward component of storm motion. “Eastward” indicates a vector component which is positive when directed eastward (negative westward). Storm motion is defined as the average speed of a storm and the direction the storm will move from.
New Term
difference_between_change_in_soil_moisture_content_and_sum_of_estimated_contributions kg m-2 [KMP2] "Water" means water in all phases. "Content" indicates a quantity per unit area. The mass content of water in soil refers to the vertical integral from the surface down to those layer of the soil model which is the lowermost hydrological active layer. For the content between specified levels in the soil, standard names including "content_of_soil_layer" are used. "Residuum" is defined by the difference between the tendency of the soil moisture content over a specific time period (left hand side of soil water equation) and the sum of the sources and sinks of soil water over the same time period (right hand side of equation). A positive value means that the soil becomes falsely wetter in a model and a negative value means the soil becomes falsely dryer. It should be noted, that the residuum has to be calculated excluding climatological layers where the temperature or
the soil water content is kept to a climatological value or a value given by another soil layer.
New Term
sea_surface_wave_variance_spectral_density_attenuation_coefficient_due_to_icebergs 1 [UUUU] The attenuation coefficient is the fractional reduction of sea_surface_wave_variance_spectral_density due to the stated process. Attenuation is the sum of absorption and scattering.
New Term
sea_water_temperature_anomaly K [UPKA] P07 id: 5G0VSG9S The term "anomaly" means difference from climatology. Sea water temperature is the in situ temperature of the sea water. To specify the depth at which the temperature anomaly applies, use a vertical coordinate variable or scalar coordinate variable. To specify the reference (baseline) epoch to which the quantity applies, provide a scalar coordinate variable with standard name reference_epoch.
Updated term description
surface_roughness_length_due_to_vegetation m [ULAA] "Vegetation roughness" in fluid dynamics means the surface roughness caused by vegetation in impeding the flow.
New Term
lwe_solid_precipitation_rate m s-1 [UVAA] "Frozen Precipitation" in the earth's atmosphere means precipitation of water in frozen phase only. The abbreviation "lwe" means liquid water equivalent.
New Term
lake_floor_depth_below_lake_surface m [ULAA] The lake_floor_depth_below_lake_surface is the vertical distance between the lake surface and the lake bed as measured at a given point in space.
New Term
lake_water_temperature degree [UAAA] Lake water temperature is the in situ temperature of the lake water. To specify the depth at which the temperature applies use a vertical coordinate variable or scalar coordinate variable.
New Term
lake_mixed_layer_thickness m [ULAA] The lake mixed layer is the upper part of the ocean, regarded as being well-mixed. Various criteria are used to define the mixed layer; this can be specified by using a standard name of lake_mixed_layer_defined_by_X. "Thickness" means the vertical extent of a layer.
New Term
toa_longwave_dust_ambient_aerosol_direct_radiative_effect_assuming_clear_sky W m-2 [UFAA] The abbreviation "toa" means top of atmosphere. The term "longwave" means longwave radiation. "X_direct_radiative_effect" refers to the instantaneous radiative impact of X on the Earth's energy balance, excluding secondary effects such as changes in cloud cover which may be caused by X. A positive radiative forcing or radiative effect is equivalent to a downward radiative flux and contributes to a warming of the earth system. "Aerosol" means the system of suspended liquid or solid particles in air (except cloud droplets) and their carrier gas, the air itself. "Ambient_aerosol" means that the aerosol is measured or modelled at the ambient state of pressure, temperature and relative humidity that exists in its immediate environment. A phrase "assuming_condition" indicates that the named quantity is the value which would obtain if all aspects of the system were unaltered except for the assumption of the circumstances specified by the condition. "Clear sky" means in the absence of clouds.
Term change from: toa_longwave_dust_ambient_aerosol_particles_direct_radiative_effect_assuming_clear_sky
surface_shortwave_dust_ambient_aerosol_direct_radiative_effect W m-2 [UFAA] The surface called "surface" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere. The term "shortwave" means shortwave radiation. "X_direct_radiative_effect" refers to the instantaneous radiative impact of X on the Earth's energy balance, excluding secondary effects such as changes in cloud cover which may be caused by X. A positive radiative forcing or radiative effect is equivalent to a downward radiative flux and contributes to a warming of the earth system. "Aerosol" means the system of suspended liquid or solid particles in air (except cloud droplets) and their carrier gas, the air itself. "Ambient_aerosol" means that the aerosol is measured or modelled at the ambient state of pressure, temperature and relative humidity that exists in its immediate environment.
Term change from: surface_net_downward_shortwave_dust_ambient_aerosol_particles_direct_radiative_effect
surface_longwave_dust_ambient_aerosol_direct_radiative_effect_assuming_clear_sky W m-2 [UFAA] The surface called "surface" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere. The term "longwave" means longwave radiation. "X_direct_radiative_effect" refers to the instantaneous radiative impact of X on the Earth's energy balance, excluding secondary effects such as changes in cloud cover which may be caused by X. A positive radiative forcing or radiative effect is equivalent to a downward radiative flux and contributes to a warming of the earth system. "Aerosol" means the system of suspended liquid or solid particles in air (except cloud droplets) and their carrier gas, the air itself. "Ambient_aerosol" means that the aerosol is measured or modelled at the ambient state of pressure, temperature and relative humidity that exists in its immediate environment. A phrase "assuming_condition" indicates that the named quantity is the value which would obtain if all aspects of the system were unaltered except for the assumption of the circumstances specified by the condition. "Clear sky" means in the absence of clouds.
Term change from: surface_net_downward_longwave_dust_ambient_aerosol_particles_direct_radiative_effect_assuming_clear_sky
surface_longwave_dust_ambient_aerosol_direct_radiative_effect W m-2 [UFAA] The surface called "surface" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere. The term "longwave" means longwave radiation. "X_direct_radiative_effect" refers to the instantaneous radiative impact of X on the Earth's energy balance, excluding secondary effects such as changes in cloud cover which may be caused by X. A positive radiative forcing or radiative effect is equivalent to a downward radiative flux and contributes to a warming of the earth system. "Aerosol" means the system of suspended liquid or solid particles in air (except cloud droplets) and their carrier gas, the air itself. "Ambient_aerosol" means that the aerosol is measured or modelled at the ambient state of pressure, temperature and relative humidity that exists in its immediate environment.
Term change from: surface_net_downward_longwave_dust_ambient_aerosol_particles_direct_radiative_effect
surface_shortwave_dust_ambient_aerosol_direct_radiative_effect_assuming_clear_sky W m-2 [UFAA] The surface called "surface" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere. The term "shortwave" means shortwave radiation. "X_direct_radiative_effect" refers to the instantaneous radiative impact of X on the Earth's energy balance, excluding secondary effects such as changes in cloud cover which may be caused by X. A positive radiative forcing or radiative effect is equivalent to a downward radiative flux and contributes to a warming of the earth system. "Aerosol" means the system of suspended liquid or solid particles in air (except cloud droplets) and their carrier gas, the air itself. "Ambient_aerosol" means that the aerosol is measured or modelled at the ambient state of pressure, temperature and relative humidity that exists in its immediate environment. A phrase "assuming_condition" indicates that the named quantity is the value which would obtain if all aspects of the system were unaltered except for the assumption of the circumstances specified by the condition. "Clear sky" means in the absence of clouds.
Term change from: surface_net_downward_shortwave_dust_ambient_aerosol_particles_direct_radiative_effect_assuming_clear_sky
integral_wrt_time_of_surface_downward_turbulent_heat_flux W s m-2 [WSMM] The phrase "integral_wrt_X_of_Y" means int Y dX. The data variable should have an axis for X specifying the limits of the integral as bounds. "wrt" means with respect to. The surface called "surface" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere. "Downward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed downward (negative upward). The "turbulent heat flux" is the exchange of heat between the surface and the air by motion of air. In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics.
Term change from: integral_wrt_time_of_surface_downward_sensible_heat_flux
upward_turbulent_heat_flux_in_air W m-2 [UFAA] "Upward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed upward (negative downward). The "turbulent heat flux" is the exchange of heat caused by the motion of air. In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics.
Term change from: upward_sensible_heat_flux_in_air
surface_downward_turbulent_heat_flux W m-2 [UFAA] The surface called "surface" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere. "Downward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed downward (negative upward). The "turbulent heat flux" is the exchange of heat between the surface and the air by motion of air. In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics.
Term change from: surface_downward_sensible_heat_flux
surface_upward_turbulent_heat_flux W m-2 [UFAA] The surface called "surface" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere. "Upward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed upward (negative downward). The "turbulent heat flux" is the exchange of heat between the surface and the air by motion of air. In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. Unless indicated in the cell_methods attribute, a quantity is assumed to apply to the whole area of each horizontal grid box. Previously, the qualifier "where_type" was used to specify that the quantity applies only to the part of the grid box of the named type. Names containing the where_type qualifier are deprecated and newly created data should use the cell_methods attribute to indicate the horizontal area to which the quantity applies.
Term change from: surface_upward_sensible_heat_flux
atmosphere_mole_content_of_semiheavy_water_vapor mol m-2 [MLM2] "Content" indicates a quantity per unit area. The "atmosphere content" of a quantity refers to the vertical integral from the surface to the top of the atmosphere. For the content between specified levels in the atmosphere, standard names including "content_of_atmosphere_layer" are used. The construction "atmosphere_mole_content_of_X" means the vertically integrated number of moles of X above a unit area. The chemical formula for semi-heavy water is HDO, water with one hydrogen replaced by deuterium.
New Term
mass_concentration_of_chloride_dry_aerosol_particles_in_air kg m-3 [UKMC] Mass concentration means mass per unit volume and is used in the construction "mass_concentration_of_X_in_Y", where X is a material constituent of Y. A chemical or biological species denoted by X may be described by a single term such as "nitrogen" or a phrase such as "nox_expressed_as_nitrogen". "Aerosol" means the system of suspended liquid or solid particles in air (except cloud droplets) and their carrier gas, the air itself. Aerosol particles take up ambient water (a process known as hygroscopic growth) depending on the relative humidity and the composition of the particles. "Dry aerosol particles" means aerosol particles without any water uptake. The chemical formula for chloride is Cl-.
New Term
mass_fraction_of_chloride_dry_aerosol_particles_in_air 1 [UUUU] Mass fraction is used in the construction "mass_fraction_of_X_in_Y", where X is a material constituent of Y. It means the ratio of the mass of X to the mass of Y (including X). A chemical or biological species denoted by X may be described by a single term such as "nitrogen" or a phrase such as "nox_expressed_as_nitrogen". "Aerosol" means the system of suspended liquid or solid particles in air (except cloud droplets) and their carrier gas, the air itself. Aerosol particles take up ambient water (a process known as hygroscopic growth) depending on the relative humidity and the composition of the particles. "Dry aerosol particles" means aerosol particles without any water uptake. The chemical formula for chloride is Cl-.
New Term
divergence_of_surface_downward_stress N m-3 [NCUM] The surface downward stress is the wind stress on the surface. The quantity with standard name divergence_of_surface_downward_stress is a signed scalar that represents the magnitude of the 2D surface wind downward stress vector field's source (positive) or sink (negative) at a given point. The surface called "surface" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere.
New Term
vertical_component_of_curl_of_surface_downward_stress N m-3 [NCUM] The surface downward stress is the wind stress on the surface. The quantity with standard name vertical_component_of_curl_of_surface_downward_stress is a signed scalar that represents the magnitude of the 2D surface wind downward stress vector field's local anti-clock-wise rotation at a given point; clockwise rotation is thus given as negative curl. The surface called "surface" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere. "Downward" indicates a downward flux of momentum, which accelerates the lower medium along the vector and the upper medium against the vector.
New Term