Update for CF Version:32

A quantity with standard name Xward_Yward_derivative_of_geopotential is a second spatial derivative of geopotential, P, in the direction specified by X and Y, i.e., d2P/dXdY. Geopotential is the sum of the specific gravitational potential energy relative to the geoid and the specific centripetal potential energy. "Northward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed northward (negative southward). "Upward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed upward (negative downward). "component_derivative_of_X" means derivative of X with respect to distance in the component direction, which may be "northward", "southward", "eastward", "westward", "x" or "y". The last two indicate derivatives along the axes of the grid, in the case where they are not true longitude and latitude.

"Amount" means mass per unit area. Zero change in land ice amount is an arbitrary level. "Land ice" means glaciers, ice-caps and ice-sheets resting on bedrock and also includes ice-shelves. "tendency_of_X" means derivative of X with respect to time.

Sea surface temperature is usually abbreviated as "SST". It is the temperature of sea water near the surface (including the part under sea-ice, if any). More specific terms, namely sea_surface_skin_temperature, sea_surface_subskin_temperature, and surface_termperature are available for the skin, subskin, and interface temperature. respectively. For the temperature of sea water at a particular depth or layer, a data variable of sea_water_temperature with a vertical coordinate axis should be used.’

"Downward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed downward (negative upward). In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. The surface called "surface" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere.

A quantity with standard name Xward_Yward_derivative_of_geopotential is a second spatial derivative of geopotential, P, in the direction specified by X and Y, i.e., d2P/dXdY. Geopotential is the sum of the specific gravitational potential energy relative to the geoid and the specific centripetal potential energy. "Northward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed northward (negative southward). "component_derivative_of_X" means derivative of X with respect to distance in the component direction, which may be "northward", "southward", "eastward", "westward", "x" or "y". The last two indicate derivatives along the axes of the grid, in the case where they are not true longitude and latitude.

In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. The specification of a physical process by the phrase due_to_process means that the quantity named is a single term in a sum of terms which together compose the general quantity named by omitting the phrase. "Frazil" consists of needle like crystals of ice, typically between three and four millimeters in diameter, which form as sea water begins to freeze. Salt is expelled during the freezing process and frazil ice consists of nearly pure fresh water.

A quantity with standard name Xward_Yward_derivative_of_geopotential is a second spatial derivative of geopotential, P, in the direction specified by X and Y, i.e., d2P/dXdY. Geopotential is the sum of the specific gravitational potential energy relative to the geoid and the specific centripetal potential energy. "Westward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed westward (negative eastward). "component_derivative_of_X" means derivative of X with respect to distance in the component direction, which may be "northward", "southward", "eastward", "westward", "x" or "y". The last two indicate derivatives along the axes of the grid, in the case where they are not true longitude and latitude.

A measure of distance from the Earth's geocenter, commonly used in satellite tracks.

A quantity with standard name Xward_Yward_derivative_of_geopotential is a second spatial derivative of geopotential, P, in the direction specified by X and Y, i.e., d2P/dXdY. Geopotential is the sum of the specific gravitational potential energy relative to the geoid and the specific centripetal potential energy. "Westward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed westward (negative eastward). "Upward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed upward (negative downward). "component_derivative_of_X" means derivative of X with respect to distance in the component direction, which may be "northward", "southward", "eastward", "westward", "x" or "y". The last two indicate derivatives along the axes of the grid, in the case where they are not true longitude and latitude.

A quantity with standard name Xward_Yward_derivative_of_geopotential is a second spatial derivative of geopotential in the direction specified by X and Y, i.e., d2P/dXdY. Geopotential is the sum of the specific gravitational potential energy relative to the geoid and the specific centripetal potential energy. "Westward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed westward (negative eastward). "Northward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed northward (negative southward). "component_derivative_of_X" means derivative of X with respect to distance in the component direction, which may be "northward", "southward", "eastward", "westward", "x" or "y". The last two indicate derivatives along the axes of the grid, in the case where they are not true longitude and latitude.

A quantity with standard name Xward_Yward_derivative_of_geopotential is a second spatial derivative of geopotential in the direction specified by X and Y, i.e., d2P/dXdY. Geopotential is the sum of the specific gravitational potential energy relative to the geoid and the specific centripetal potential energy. "Upward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed upward (negative downward). "component_derivative_of_X" means derivative of X with respect to distance in the component direction, which may be "northward", "southward", "eastward", "westward", "x" or "y". The last two indicate derivatives along the axes of the grid, in the case where they are not true longitude and latitude.

Relative vorticity is the upward component of the relative vorticity vector i.e. the component which arises from horizontal velocity.