CFSN0068 volume_fraction_of_frozen_water_in_soil Volume fraction" is used in the construction "volume_fraction_of_X_in_Y", where X is a material constituent of Y. It is evaluated as the volume of X divided by the volume of Y (including X). It may be expressed as a fraction, a percentage, or any other dimensionless representation of a fraction. The phrase "frozen_water" means ice. M V3NLUKPK tendency_of_sea_water_conservative_temperature_expressed_as_heat_content_due_to_parameterized_eddy_dianeutral_mixing The phrase "tendency_of_X" means derivative of X with respect to time. The phrase "expressed_as_heat_content" means that this quantity is calculated as the specific heat capacity times density of sea water multiplied by the conservative temperature of the sea water in the grid cell and integrated over depth. If used for a layer heat content, coordinate bounds should be used to define the extent of the layers. If no coordinate bounds are specified, it is assumed that the integral is calculated over the entire vertical extent of the medium, e.g, if the medium is sea water the integral is assumed to be calculated over the full depth of the ocean. Conservative Temperature is defined as part of the Thermodynamic Equation of Seawater 2010 (TEOS-10) which was adopted in 2010 by the International Oceanographic Commission (IOC). Conservative Temperature is specific potential enthalpy (which has the standard name sea_water_specific_potential_enthalpy) divided by a fixed value of the specific heat capacity of sea water, namely cp_0 = 3991.86795711963 J kg-1 K-1. Conservative Temperature is a more accurate measure of the "heat content" of sea water, by a factor of one hundred, than is potential temperature. Because of this, it can be regarded as being proportional to the heat content of sea water per unit mass. Reference: www.teos-10.org; McDougall, 2003 doi: 10.1175/1520-0485(2003)033<0945:PEACOV>2.0.CO;2. The specification of a physical process by the phrase due_to_process means that the quantity named is a single term in a sum of terms which together compose the general quantity named by omitting the phrase. "Eddy dianeutral mixing" means dianeutral mixing, i.e. mixing across neutral directions caused by the unresolved turbulent motion of eddies of all types (e.g., breaking gravity waves, boundary layer turbulence, etc.). D XKQKCLKL tendency_of_sea_water_conservative_temperature_expressed_as_heat_content_due_to_parameterized_dianeutral_mixing The phrase "tendency_of_X" means derivative of X with respect to time. The phrase "expressed_as_heat_content" means that this quantity is calculated as the specific heat capacity times density of sea water multiplied by the conservative temperature of the sea water in the grid cell and integrated over depth. If used for a layer heat content, coordinate bounds should be used to define the extent of the layers. If no coordinate bounds are specified, it is assumed that the integral is calculated over the entire vertical extent of the medium, e.g, if the medium is sea water the integral is assumed to be calculated over the full depth of the ocean. Conservative Temperature is defined as part of the Thermodynamic Equation of Seawater 2010 (TEOS-10) which was adopted in 2010 by the International Oceanographic Commission (IOC). Conservative Temperature is specific potential enthalpy (which has the standard name sea_water_specific_potential_enthalpy) divided by a fixed value of the specific heat capacity of sea water, namely cp_0 = 3991.86795711963 J kg-1 K-1. Conservative Temperature is a more accurate measure of the "heat content" of sea water, by a factor of one hundred, than is potential temperature. Because of this, it can be regarded as being proportional to the heat content of sea water per unit mass. Reference: www.teos-10.org; McDougall, 2003 doi: 10.1175/1520-0485(2003)033<0945:PEACOV>2.0.CO;2. The specification of a physical process by the phrase due_to_process means that the quantity named is a single term in a sum of terms which together compose the general quantity named by omitting the phrase. "Dianeutral mixing" means mixing across surfaces of neutral buoyancy. "Parameterized" means the part due to a scheme representing processes which are not explicitly resolved by the model. I LM0A4IV4 tendency_of_sea_water_potential_temperature_expressed_as_heat_content_due_to_parameterized_eddy_dianeutral_mixing The phrase "tendency_of_X" means derivative of X with respect to time. The phrase "expressed_as_heat_content" means that this quantity is calculated as the specific heat capacity times density of sea water multiplied by the potential temperature of the sea water in the grid cell and integrated over depth. If used for a layer heat content, coordinate bounds should be used to define the extent of the layers. If no coordinate bounds are specified, it is assumed that the integral is calculated over the entire vertical extent of the medium, e.g, if the medium is sea water the integral is assumed to be calculated over the full depth of the ocean. Potential temperature is the temperature a parcel of air or sea water would have if moved adiabatically to sea level pressure. The specification of a physical process by the phrase due_to_process means that the quantity named is a single term in a sum of terms which together compose the general quantity named by omitting the phrase. "Eddy dianeutral mixing" means dianeutral mixing, i.e. mixing across neutral directions caused by the unresolved turbulent motion of eddies of all types (e.g., breaking gravity waves, boundary layer turbulence, etc.). D A13CL568 tendency_of_sea_water_potential_temperature_expressed_as_heat_content_due_to_parameterized_dianeutral_mixing The phrase "tendency_of_X" means derivative of X with respect to time. The phrase "expressed_as_heat_content" means that this quantity is calculated as the specific heat capacity times density of sea water multiplied by the potential temperature of the sea water in the grid cell and integrated over depth. If used for a layer heat content, coordinate bounds should be used to define the extent of the layers. If no coordinate bounds are specified, it is assumed that the integral is calculated over the entire vertical extent of the medium, e.g, if the medium is sea water the integral is assumed to be calculated over the full depth of the ocean. Potential temperature is the temperature a parcel of air or sea water would have if moved adiabatically to sea level pressure. The specification of a physical process by the phrase due_to_process means that the quantity named is a single term in a sum of terms which together compose the general quantity named by omitting the phrase. "Dianeutral mixing" means mixing across surfaces of neutral buoyancy. "Parameterized" means the part due to a scheme representing processes which are not explicitly resolved by the model. I X62TUKSM tendency_of_sea_water_salinity_expressed_as_salt_content_due_to_parameterized_eddy_dianeutral_mixing The phrase "tendency_of_X" means derivative of X with respect to time. "Content" indicates a quantity per unit area. The specification of a physical process by the phrase due_to_process means that the quantity named is a single term in a sum of terms which together compose the general quantity named by omitting the phrase. "Eddy dianeutral mixing" means dianeutral mixing, i.e. mixing across neutral directions caused by the unresolved turbulent motion of eddies of all types (e.g., breaking gravity waves, boundary layer turbulence, etc.). D TOGASZOW tendency_of_sea_water_salinity_expressed_as_salt_content_due_to_parameterized_dianeutral_mixing The phrase "tendency_of_X" means derivative of X with respect to time. "Content" indicates a quantity per unit area. The specification of a physical process by the phrase due_to_process means that the quantity named is a single term in a sum of terms which together compose the general quantity named by omitting the phrase. "Dianeutral mixing" means mixing across surfaces of neutral buoyancy. "Parameterized" means the part due to a scheme representing processes which are not explicitly resolved by the model. I B6RNUI5Q mole_concentration_of_dissolved_molecular_nitrogen_in_sea_water "Mole concentration" means number of moles per unit volume, also called "molarity", and is used in the construction "mole_concentration_of_X_in_Y", where X is a material constituent of Y. A chemical or biological species denoted by X may be described by a single term such as "nitrogen" or a phrase such as "nox_expressed_as_nitrogen". The chemical formula for molecular nitrogen is N2. I CFSN0069 volume_fraction_of_sand_in_soil "Volume fraction" is used in the construction "volume_fraction_of_X_in_Y", where X is a material constituent of Y. It is evaluated as the volume of X divided by the volume of Y (including X). It may be expressed as a fraction, a percentage, or any other dimensionless representation of a fraction. M CFSNA044 volume_fraction_of_condensed_water_in_soil_at_field_capacity "Volume fraction" is used in the construction "volume_fraction_of_X_in_Y", where X is a material constituent of Y. It is evaluated as the volume of X divided by the volume of Y (including X). It may be expressed as a fraction, a percentage, or any other dimensionless representation of a fraction. The phrase "condensed_water" means liquid and ice. The field capacity of soil is the maximum content of water it can retain against gravitational drainage. M LQT2PMG1 downward_y_stress_correction_at_sea_water_surface "Downward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed downward (negative upward). "y" indicates a vector component along the grid y-axis, positive with increasing y. A downward y stress is a downward flux of momentum towards the positive direction of the model's y-axis. A positive correction is downward i.e. added to the ocean. The phrase "sea water surface" means the upper boundary of the liquid portion of an ocean or sea, including the boundary to floating ice if present. I IHYPC47B number_of_missing_observations A variable with the standard name of number_of_missing_observations contains the number of discrete observations or measurements that were not available to derive the values of another data variable. The linkage between the data variable and the variable with a standard_name of number_of_missing_observations is achieved using the ancillary_variables attribute. I CFSN0397 product_of_omega_and_air_temperature "product_of_X_and_Y" means X*Y. Air temperature is the bulk temperature of the air, not the surface (skin) temperature. "omegaX" is used for brevity to mean "lagrangian_tendency_of_air_pressure in standard names constructed as a combination of omega with some other quantity. D KX8P0T8A product_of_air_temperature_and_lagrangian_tendency_of_air_pressure The phrase "product_of_X_and_Y" means X*Y. Air temperature is the bulk temperature of the air, not the surface (skin) temperature. The phrase "tendency_of_X" means derivative of X with respect to time. The Lagrangian tendency of a quantity is its rate of change following the motion of the fluid, also called the "material derivative" or "convective derivative". The Lagrangian tendency of air pressure, often called "omega", plays the role of the upward component of air velocity when air pressure is being used as the vertical coordinate. If the vertical air velocity is upwards, it is negative when expressed as a tendency of air pressure; downwards is positive. Air pressure is the force per unit area which would be exerted when the moving gas molecules of which the air is composed strike a theoretical surface of any orientation. I CFV13N5 direction_of_radial_vector_away_from_instrument The phrase "direction_of_X" means direction of a vector, a bearing. The direction is measured positive clockwise from due north. The direction_of_radial_vector_away_from_instrument is the direction in which the instrument itself is pointing. The "instrument" (examples are radar and lidar) is the device used to make an observation. The standard name direction_of_radial_vector_toward_instrument should be used for a data variable having the opposite sign convention. M IY26BDZR radial_sea_water_velocity_toward_instrument A velocity is a vector quantity. "Radial velocity toward instrument" means the component of the velocity along the line of sight of the instrument where positive implies movement toward the instrument (i.e. inward). The "instrument" (examples are radar and lidar) is the device used to make an observation. A standard name referring to radial velocity "away_from_instrument" should be used for a data variable having the opposite sign convention. I JRDOLBFY downward_y_stress_at_sea_water_surface "Downward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed downward (negative upward). "y" indicates a vector component along the grid y-axis, positive with increasing y. A downward y stress is a downward flux of momentum towards the positive direction of the model's y-axis. The phrase "sea water surface" means the upper boundary of the liquid portion of an ocean or sea, including the boundary to floating ice if present. I TYSUMMEN downward_x_stress_correction_at_sea_water_surface "Downward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed downward (negative upward). "x" indicates a vector component along the grid x-axis, positive with increasing x. A downward x stress is a downward flux of momentum towards the positive direction of the model's x-axis. A positive correction is downward i.e. added to the ocean. The phrase "sea water surface" means the upper boundary of the liquid portion of an ocean or sea, including the boundary to floating ice if present. I C0W93NJN mole_concentration_of_hydrogen_sulfide_in_sea_water "Mole concentration" means number of moles per unit volume, also called "molarity", and is used in the construction "mole_concentration_of_X_in_Y", where X is a material constituent of Y. A chemical or biological species denoted by X may be described by a single term such as "nitrogen" or a phrase such as "nox_expressed_as_nitrogen". The chemical formula of hydrogen sulfide is H2S. I CF12N584 sea_water_pressure_at_sea_water_surface The phrase "sea water surface" means the upper boundary of the liquid portion of an ocean or sea, including the boundary to floating ice if present. "Sea water pressure" is the pressure that exists in the medium of sea water. It includes the pressure due to overlying sea water, sea ice, air and any other medium that may be present. M CFSNA045 volume_fraction_of_condensed_water_in_soil_at_wilting_point "Volume fraction" is used in the construction "volume_fraction_of_X_in_Y", where X is a material constituent of Y. It is evaluated as the volume of X divided by the volume of Y (including X). It may be expressed as a fraction, a percentage, or any other dimensionless representation of a fraction. The phrase "condensed_water" means liquid and ice. The wilting point of soil is the water content below which plants cannot extract sufficient water to balance their loss through transpiration. M CFV16A21 net_downward_shortwave_flux_at_sea_water_surface "Downward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed downward (negative upward). Net downward radiation is the difference between radiation from above (downwelling) and radiation from below (upwelling). In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. The term "shortwave" means shortwave radiation. The phrase "sea water surface" means the upper boundary of the liquid portion of an ocean or sea, including the boundary to floating ice if present. M CFSNA042 volume_fraction_of_condensed_water_in_soil "Volume fraction" is used in the construction "volume_fraction_of_X_in_Y", where X is a material constituent of Y. It is evaluated as the volume of X divided by the volume of Y (including X). It may be expressed as a fraction, a percentage, or any other dimensionless representation of a fraction. The phrase "condensed_water" means liquid and ice. M CFSN0398 product_of_omega_and_specific_humidity "product_of_X_and_Y" means X*Y. "specific" means per unit mass. Specific humidity is the mass fraction of water vapor in (moist) air. "omegaX" is used for brevity to mean "lagrangian_tendency_of_air_pressure in standard names constructed as a combination of omega with some other quantity. D 2XPO4WGL product_of_lagrangian_tendency_of_air_pressure_and_specific_humidity The phrase "product_of_X_and_Y" means X*Y. The phrase "tendency_of_X" means derivative of X with respect to time. The Lagrangian tendency of a quantity is its rate of change following the motion of the fluid, also called the "material derivative" or "convective derivative". The Lagrangian tendency of air pressure, often called "omega", plays the role of the upward component of air velocity when air pressure is being used as the vertical coordinate. If the vertical air velocity is upwards, it is negative when expressed as a tendency of air pressure; downwards is positive. Air pressure is the force per unit area which would be exerted when the moving gas molecules of which the air is composed strike a theoretical surface of any orientation. "Specific" means per unit mass. Specific humidity is the mass fraction of water vapor in (moist) air. I CFSN0436 product_of_northward_wind_and_omega "product_of_X_and_Y" means X*Y. "Northward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed northward (negative southward). Wind is defined as a two-dimensional (horizontal) air velocity vector, with no vertical component. (Vertical motion in the atmosphere has the standard name upward_air_velocity.) "omegaX" is used for brevity to mean "lagrangian_tendency_of_air_pressure in standard names constructed as a combination of omega with some other quantity. D 55KUDP8X product_of_northward_wind_and_lagrangian_tendency_of_air_pressure The phrase "product_of_X_and_Y" means X*Y. "Northward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed northward (negative southward). Wind is defined as a two-dimensional (horizontal) air velocity vector, with no vertical component. (Vertical motion in the atmosphere has the standard name upward_air_velocity.) The phrase "tendency_of_X" means derivative of X with respect to time. The Lagrangian tendency of a quantity is its rate of change following the motion of the fluid, also called the "material derivative" or "convective derivative". The Lagrangian tendency of air pressure, often called "omega", plays the role of the upward component of air velocity when air pressure is being used as the vertical coordinate. If the vertical air velocity is upwards, it is negative when expressed as a tendency of air pressure; downwards is positive. Air pressure is the force per unit area which would be exerted when the moving gas molecules of which the air is composed strike a theoretical surface of any orientation. I CFSN0475 ocean_volume_fraction "X_volume_fraction" means the fraction of volume occupied by X. It is evaluated as the volume of interest divided by the grid cell volume. It may be expressed as a fraction, a percentage, or any other dimensionless representation of a fraction. A data variable with standard name ocean_volume_fraction is used to store the fraction of a grid cell underlying sea-water, for example, where part of the grid cell is occupied by land or to record ocean volume on a model's native grid following a regridding operation. M CFSN0428 product_of_eastward_wind_and_omega "product_of_X_and_Y" means X*Y. "Eastward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed eastward (negative westward). Wind is defined as a two-dimensional (horizontal) air velocity vector, with no vertical component. (Vertical motion in the atmosphere has the standard name upward_air_velocity.) "omegaX" is used for brevity to mean "lagrangian_tendency_of_air_pressure in standard names constructed as a combination of omega with some other quantity. D 2RG7DKDP product_of_eastward_wind_and_lagrangian_tendency_of_air_pressure The phrase "product_of_X_and_Y" means X*Y. "Eastward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed eastward (negative westward). Wind is defined as a two-dimensional (horizontal) air velocity vector, with no vertical component. (Vertical motion in the atmosphere has the standard name upward_air_velocity.) The phrase "tendency_of_X" means derivative of X with respect to time. The Lagrangian tendency of a quantity is its rate of change following the motion of the fluid, also called the "material derivative" or "convective derivative". The Lagrangian tendency of air pressure, often called "omega", plays the role of the upward component of air velocity when air pressure is being used as the vertical coordinate. If the vertical air velocity is upwards, it is negative when expressed as a tendency of air pressure; downwards is positive. Air pressure is the force per unit area which would be exerted when the moving gas molecules of which the air is composed strike a theoretical surface of any orientation. I CFSN0455 product_of_air_temperature_and_omega "product_of_X_and_Y" means X*Y. Air temperature is the bulk temperature of the air, not the surface (skin) temperature. "omegaX" is used for brevity to mean "lagrangian_tendency_of_air_pressure in standard names constructed as a combination of omega with some other quantity. D I80MNTEI product_of_lagrangian_tendency_of_air_pressure_and_air_temperature The phrase "product_of_X_and_Y" means X*Y. The phrase "tendency_of_X" means derivative of X with respect to time. The Lagrangian tendency of a quantity is its rate of change following the motion of the fluid, also called the "material derivative" or "convective derivative". The Lagrangian tendency of air pressure, often called "omega", plays the role of the upward component of air velocity when air pressure is being used as the vertical coordinate. If the vertical air velocity is upwards, it is negative when expressed as a tendency of air pressure; downwards is positive. Air pressure is the force per unit area which would be exerted when the moving gas molecules of which the air is composed strike a theoretical surface of any orientation. Air temperature is the bulk temperature of the air, not the surface (skin) temperature. I CFSNA043 volume_fraction_of_condensed_water_in_soil_at_critical_point "Volume fraction" is used in the construction "volume_fraction_of_X_in_Y", where X is a material constituent of Y. It is evaluated as the volume of X divided by the volume of Y (including X). It may be expressed as a fraction, a percentage, or any other dimensionless representation of a fraction. The phrase "condensed_water" means liquid and ice. When soil moisture equals or exceeds the critical point, evapotranspiration takes place at the potential rate and is controlled by the ambient meteorological conditions (temperature, wind, relative humidity). Potential evapotranspiration is the rate at which evapotranspiration would occur under ambient conditions from a uniformly vegetated area when the water supply is not limiting. M CFSN0431 product_of_geopotential_height_and_omega "product_of_X_and_Y" means X*Y. Geopotential is the sum of the specific gravitational potential energy relative to the geoid and the specific centripetal potential energy. Geopotential height is the geopotential divided by the standard acceleration due to gravity. It is numerically similar to the altitude (or geometric height) and not to the quantity with standard name height, which is relative to the surface. "omegaX" is used for brevity to mean "lagrangian_tendency_of_air_pressure in standard names constructed as a combination of omega with some other quantity. D XYJRRYI8 product_of_lagrangian_tendency_of_air_pressure_and_geopotential_height The phrase "product_of_X_and_Y" means X*Y. The phrase "tendency_of_X" means derivative of X with respect to time. The Lagrangian tendency of a quantity is its rate of change following the motion of the fluid, also called the "material derivative" or "convective derivative". The Lagrangian tendency of air pressure, often called "omega", plays the role of the upward component of air velocity when air pressure is being used as the vertical coordinate. If the vertical air velocity is upwards, it is negative when expressed as a tendency of air pressure; downwards is positive. Air pressure is the force per unit area which would be exerted when the moving gas molecules of which the air is composed strike a theoretical surface of any orientation. Geopotential is the sum of the specific gravitational potential energy relative to the geoid and the specific centripetal potential energy. Geopotential height is the geopotential divided by the standard acceleration due to gravity. It is numerically similar to the altitude (or geometric height) and not to the quantity with standard name height, which is relative to the surface. I CFSN0399 product_of_specific_humidity_and_omega "product_of_X_and_Y" means X*Y. "specific" means per unit mass. Specific humidity is the mass fraction of water vapor in (moist) air. "omegaX" is used for brevity to mean "lagrangian_tendency_of_air_pressure in standard names constructed as a combination of omega with some other quantity. D LR2BW4G7 product_of_specific_humidity_and_lagrangian_tendency_of_air_pressure The phrase "product_of_X_and_Y" means X*Y. "Specific" means per unit mass. Specific humidity is the mass fraction of water vapor in (moist) air. The phrase "tendency_of_X" means derivative of X with respect to time. The Lagrangian tendency of a quantity is its rate of change following the motion of the fluid, also called the "material derivative" or "convective derivative". The Lagrangian tendency of air pressure, often called "omega", plays the role of the upward component of air velocity when air pressure is being used as the vertical coordinate. If the vertical air velocity is upwards, it is negative when expressed as a tendency of air pressure; downwards is positive. Air pressure is the force per unit area which would be exerted when the moving gas molecules of which the air is composed strike a theoretical surface of any orientation. I CFV13N15 radial_sea_water_velocity_away_from_instrument A velocity is a vector quantity. "Radial velocity away from instrument" means the component of the velocity along the line of sight of the instrument where positive implies movement away from the instrument (i.e. outward). The "instrument" (examples are radar and lidar) is the device used to make an observation. A standard name referring to radial velocity "toward_instrument" should be used for a data variable having the opposite sign convention. M MZTZO417 radial_velocity_of_scatterers_toward_instrument A velocity is a vector quantity. "Radial velocity toward instrument" means the component of the velocity along the line of sight of the instrument where positive implies movement toward the instrument (i.e. inward). The "instrument" (examples are radar and lidar) is the device used to make the observation. The "scatterers" are what causes the transmitted signal to be returned to the instrument (examples are aerosols, hydrometeors and refractive index irregularities), of whatever kind the instrument detects. A standard name referring to radial velocity "away_from_instrument" should be used for a data variable having the opposite sign convention. I CFSN0067 volume_fraction_of_clay_in_soil "Volume fraction" is used in the construction volume_fraction_of_X_in_Y, where X is a material constituent of Y. It is evaluated as the volume of X divided by the volume of Y (including X). It may be expressed as a fraction, a percentage, or any other dimensionless representation of a fraction. M CFSN0406 radial_velocity_of_scatterers_away_from_instrument A velocity is a vector quantity. "Radial velocity away from instrument" means the component of the velocity along the line of sight of the instrument where positive implies movement away from the instrument (i.e. outward). The "instrument" (examples are radar and lidar) is the device used to make the observation. The "scatterers" are what causes the transmitted signal to be returned to the instrument (examples are aerosols, hydrometeors and refractive index irregularities), of whatever kind the instrument detects. A standard name referring to radial velocity "toward_instrument" should be used for a data variable having the opposite sign convention. M G0EL55ZQ direction_of_radial_vector_toward_instrument The phrase "direction_of_X" means direction of a vector, a bearing. The direction is measured positive clockwise from due north. The direction_of_radial_vector_toward_instrument is the direction opposite to that in which the instrument itself is pointing. The "instrument" (examples are radar and lidar) is the device used to make an observation. The standard name direction_of_radial_vector_away_from_instrument should be used for a data variable having the opposite sign convention. I CF12N801 volume_fraction_of_oxygen_in_sea_water "Volume fraction" is used in the construction "volume_fraction_of_X_in_Y", where X is a material constituent of Y. It is evaluated as the volume of X divided by the volume of Y (including X). It may be expressed as a fraction, a percentage, or any other dimensionless representation of a fraction. M CFSN0070 volume_fraction_of_silt_in_soil "Volume fraction" is used in the construction "volume_fraction_of_X_in_Y", where X is a material constituent of Y. It is evaluated as the volume of X divided by the volume of Y (including X). It may be expressed as a fraction, a percentage, or any other dimensionless representation of a fraction. M CFSN0826 volume_fraction_of_condensed_water_in_soil_pores "Volume fraction" is used in the construction "volume_fraction_of_X_in_Y", where X is a material constituent of Y. It is evaluated as the volume of X divided by the volume of Y (including X). It may be expressed as a fraction, a percentage, or any other dimensionless representation of a fraction. "Condensed water" means liquid and ice. The quantity with standard name volume_fraction_of_condensed_water_in_soil_pores is the ratio of the volume of condensed water in soil pores to the volume of the pores themselves. M 3VNEUGC6 downward_x_stress_at_sea_water_surface "Downward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed downward (negative upward). "x" indicates a vector component along the grid x-axis, positive with increasing x. A downward x stress is a downward flux of momentum towards the positive direction of the model's x-axis. The phrase "sea water surface" means the upper boundary of the liquid portion of an ocean or sea, including the boundary to floating ice if present. I