CF12N543 ocean_heat_y_transport "y" indicates a vector component along the grid y-axis, positive with increasing y. M CFSN0589 land_ice_vertical_mean_y_velocity A velocity is a vector quantity. "y" indicates a vector component along the grid y-axis, positive with increasing y. "Land ice" means glaciers, ice-caps and ice-sheets resting on bedrock and also includes ice-shelves. The vertical mean land ice velocity is the average from the bedrock to the surface of the ice. M CFSN0591 land_ice_y_velocity A velocity is a vector quantity. "y" indicates a vector component along the grid y-axis, positive with increasing y. "Land ice" means glaciers, ice-caps and ice-sheets resting on bedrock and also includes ice-shelves. M BBAEEEBE surface_bidirectional_reflectance The surface called "surface" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere. "Bidirectional_reflectance" depends on the angles of incident and measured radiation. Reflectance is the ratio of the energy of the reflected to the incident radiation. A coordinate variable of radiation_wavelength or radiation_frequency can be used to specify the wavelength or frequency, respectively, of the radiation. I CF12N540 ocean_heat_x_transport "x" indicates a vector component along the grid x-axis, positive with increasing x. M CF12N549 ocean_mass_x_transport_due_to_advection "x" indicates a vector component along the grid x-axis, positive with increasing x. The specification of a physical process by the phrase due_to_process means that the quantity named is a single term in a sum of terms which together compose the general quantity named by omitting the phrase. M CF12N550 ocean_mass_x_transport_due_to_advection_and_bolus_advection "x" indicates a vector component along the grid x-axis, positive with increasing x. The specification of a physical process by the phrase due_to_process means that the quantity named is a single term in a sum of terms which together compose the general quantity named by omitting the phrase. Transport by bolus advection in an ocean model means the part due to a scheme representing eddy-induced effects not included in the velocity field. M CFV10N7 bolus_sea_water_x_velocity A velocity is a vector quantity. "x" indicates a vector component along the grid x-axis, positive with increasing x. Bolus velocity in an ocean model means the velocity due to a scheme representing eddy-induced effects which are not resolved on the grid scale of the model. bolus_sea_water_x_velocity is used in some parameterisations of lateral diffusion in the ocean. M CFSN0588 land_ice_vertical_mean_x_velocity A velocity is a vector quantity. "x" indicates a vector component along the grid x-axis, positive with increasing x. "Land ice" means glaciers, ice-caps and ice-sheets resting on bedrock and also includes ice-shelves. The vertical mean land ice velocity is the average from the bedrock to the surface of the ice. M IDDFFADF atmosphere_mole_content_of_ozone "Content" indicates a quantity per unit area. The "atmosphere content" of a quantity refers to the vertical integral from the surface to the top of the atmosphere. For the content between specified levels in the atmosphere, standard names including "content_of_atmosphere_layer" are used. The construction "atmosphere_mole_content_of_X" means the vertically integrated number of moles of X above a unit area. The chemical formula for ozone is O3. atmosphere_mole_content_of_ozone is usually measured in Dobson Units which are equivalent to 446.2 micromoles m-2. N.B. Data variables containing column content of ozone can be given the standard name of either equivalent_thickness_at_stp_of_atmosphere_ozone_content or atmosphere_mole_content_of_ozone.The latter name is recommended for consistency with mole content names for chemical species other than ozone. I CFV13N20 sea_ice_y_displacement "y" indicates a vector component along the grid y-axis, positive with increasing y. "Displacement" means the change in geospatial position of an object that has moved over time. If possible, the time interval over which the motion took place should be specified using a bounds variable for the time coordinate variable. A displacement can be represented as a vector. Such a vector should however not be interpreted as describing a rectilinear, constant speed motion but merely as an indication that the start point of the vector is found at the tip of the vector after the time interval associated with the displacement variable. A displacement does not prescribe a trajectory. Sea ice displacement can be defined as a two-dimensional vector, with no vertical component. A y displacement is calculated from the difference in the moving object's grid y coordinate between the start and end of the time interval associated with the displacement variable. M CFSN0698 downward_y_stress_at_sea_ice_base "y" indicates a vector component along the grid y-axis, positive with increasing y. "Downward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed downward (negative upward). M CF12N542 ocean_heat_x_transport_due_to_diffusion "x" indicates a vector component along the grid x-axis, positive with increasing x. The specification of a physical process by the phrase due_to_process means that the quantity named is a single term in a sum of terms which together compose the general quantity named by omitting the phrase. M CFSN0372 sea_ice_x_velocity A velocity is a vector quantity. "x" indicates a vector component along the grid x-axis, positive with increasing x. M CF12N560 ocean_salt_y_transport "y" indicates a vector component along the grid y-axis, positive with increasing y. Salt transport refers to the mass of salt being transported. M CFSN0827 surface_geostrophic_sea_water_x_velocity_assuming_sea_level_for_geoid The surface called "surface" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere. A velocity is a vector quantity. "x" indicates a vector component along the grid x-axis, positive with increasing x. "Geostrophic" indicates that geostrophic balance is assumed. "sea_level" means mean sea level. The geoid is a surface of constant geopotential with which mean sea level would coincide if the ocean were at rest. surface_geostrophic_sea_water_x_velocity_assuming_sea_level_for_geoid is the variable part of surface_geostrophic_sea_water_x_velocity. The assumption that sea level is equal to the geoid means that the stationary component of ocean circulation is equal to zero. M HDDAAAHH low_type_cloud_area_fraction Low type clouds are: Stratus, Stratocumulus, Cumulus, Cumulonimbus. "X_area_fraction" means the fraction of horizontal area occupied by X. Cloud area fraction is also called "cloud amount" and "cloud cover". X_type_cloud_area_fraction is determined on the basis of cloud type and not on the vertical location of the cloud. I CFSN0042 x_wind "x" indicates a vector component along the grid x-axis, positive with increasing x. Wind is defined as a two-dimensional (horizontal) air velocity vector, with no vertical component. (Vertical motion in the atmosphere has the standard name upward_air_velocity.) M ADHIFDDC high_type_cloud_area_fraction High type clouds are: Cirrus, Cirrostratus, Cirrocumulus. "X_area_fraction" means the fraction of horizontal area occupied by X. Cloud area fraction is also called "cloud amount" and "cloud cover". X_type_cloud_area_fraction is determined on the basis of cloud type and not on the vertical location of the cloud. I FFIBGAFG medium_type_cloud_area_fraction Middle type clouds are: Altostratus, Altocumulus, Nimbostratus. "X_area_fraction" means the fraction of horizontal area occupied by X. Cloud area fraction is also called "cloud amount" and "cloud cover". X_type_cloud_area_fraction is determined on the basis of cloud type and not on the vertical location of the cloud. I CF12N573 ocean_y_overturning_mass_streamfunction_due_to_bolus_advection "y" indicates a vector component along the grid y-axis, positive with increasing y. The specification of a physical process by the phrase due_to_process means that the quantity named is a single term in a sum of terms which together compose the general quantity named by omitting the phrase. M CFSN0578 land_ice_basal_x_velocity A velocity is a vector quantity. "x" indicates a vector component along the grid x-axis, positive with increasing x. "Land ice" means glaciers, ice-caps and ice-sheets resting on bedrock and also includes ice-shelves. M CF12N553 ocean_mass_y_transport_due_to_advection_and_bolus_advection "y" indicates a vector component along the grid y-axis, positive with increasing y. Transport by bolus advection in an ocean model means the part due to a scheme representing eddy-induced effects not included in the velocity field. The specification of a physical process by the phrase due_to_process means that the quantity named is a single term in a sum of terms which together compose the general quantity named by omitting the phrase. M CFSN0697 downward_x_stress_at_sea_ice_base "x" indicates a vector component along the grid x-axis, positive with increasing x. "Downward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed downward (negative upward). M IHCEHCDC sea_ice_classification A variable with the standard name of sea_ice_classification contains strings which indicate the character of the ice surface e.g. open_ice, or first_year_ice. These strings have not yet been standardised. However, and whenever possible, they should follow the terminology defined in the WMO Standard Nomenclature for Sea Ice Classification. Alternatively, the data variable may contain integers which can be translated to strings using flag_values and flag_meanings attributes. I CFSN0303 surface_downward_x_stress The surface called "surface" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere. "x" indicates a vector component along the grid x-axis, positive with increasing x. "Downward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed downward (negative upward). M CF12N189 barotropic_sea_water_y_velocity A velocity is a vector quantity. "y" indicates a vector component along the grid y-axis, positive with increasing y. M CF12N552 ocean_mass_y_transport_due_to_advection "y" indicates a vector component along the grid y-axis, positive with increasing y. The specification of a physical process by the phrase due_to_process means that the quantity named is a single term in a sum of terms which together compose the general quantity named by omitting the phrase. M CFSN0836 surface_geostrophic_sea_water_x_velocity The surface called "surface" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere. A velocity is a vector quantity. "x" indicates a vector component along the grid x-axis, positive with increasing x. "Geostrophic" indicates that geostrophic balance is assumed. surface_geostrophic_sea_water_x_velocity is the sum of a variable part, surface_geostrophic_sea_water_x_velocity_assuming_sea_level_for_geoid, and a constant part due to the stationary component of ocean circulation. M CFV10N54 x_derivative_of_ocean_rigid_lid_pressure "component_derivative_of_X" means the derivative of X with respect to distance in the component direction, which may be northward, southward, eastward, westward, x or y. The last two indicate derivatives along the axes of the grid, whether or not they are true longitude and latitude. x_derivative_of_ocean_rigid_lid_pressure means (d/dx) of the ocean surface pressure, as derived by a rigid lid approximation, keeping the other horizontal coordinate (y, presumably) constant. M CF12N575 ratio_of_x_derivative_of_ocean_rigid_lid_pressure_to_sea_surface_density Sea surface density is the density of sea water near the surface (including the part under sea-ice, if any). "component_derivative_of_X" means derivative of X with respect to distance in the component direction, which may be northward, southward, eastward, westward, x or y. The last two indicate derivatives along the axes of the grid, whether or not they are true longitude and latitude. "ratio_of_X_to_Y" means X/Y. "Ocean rigid lid pressure" means the pressure at the surface of an ocean model assuming that it is bounded above by a rigid lid. M CFSN0304 surface_downward_y_stress The surface called "surface" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere. "y" indicates a vector component along the grid y-axis, positive with increasing y. "Downward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed downward (negative upward). M CFSN0337 sea_water_y_velocity A velocity is a vector quantity. "y" indicates a vector component along the grid y-axis, positive with increasing y. M CFV16A65 upward_x_stress_at_sea_ice_base "x" indicates a vector component along the grid x-axis, positive with increasing x. "Upward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed upward (negative downward). M CFV16A66 upward_y_stress_at_sea_ice_base "y" indicates a vector component along the grid y-axis, positive with increasing y. "Upward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed upward (negative downward). M CFV16A38 sea_ice_x_transport "x" indicates a vector component along the grid x-axis, positive with increasing x. M CF12N551 ocean_mass_y_transport "y" indicates a vector component along the grid y-axis, positive with increasing y. M CFV13N19 sea_ice_x_displacement "x" indicates a vector component along the grid x-axis, positive with increasing x. "Displacement" means the change in geospatial position of an object that has moved over time. If possible, the time interval over which the motion took place should be specified using a bounds variable for the time coordinate variable. A displacement can be represented as a vector. Such a vector should however not be interpreted as describing a rectilinear, constant speed motion but merely as an indication that the start point of the vector is found at the tip of the vector after the time interval associated with the displacement variable. A displacement does not prescribe a trajectory. Sea ice displacement can be defined as a two-dimensional vector, with no vertical component. An x displacement is calculated from the difference in the moving object's grid x coordinate between the start and end of the time interval associated with the displacement variable. M CFV10N55 y_derivative_of_ocean_rigid_lid_pressure "component_derivative_of_X" means the derivative of X with respect to distance in the component direction, which may be northward, southward, eastward, westward, x or y. The last two indicate derivatives along the axes of the grid, whether or not they are true longitude and latitude. y_derivative_of_ocean_rigid_lid_pressure means (d/dy) of the ocean surface pressure, as derived by a rigid lid approximation, keeping the other horizontal coordinate (x, presumably) constant. M CFSN0829 surface_geostrophic_sea_water_y_velocity_assuming_sea_level_for_geoid The surface called "surface" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere. A velocity is a vector quantity. "y" indicates a vector component along the grid y-axis, positive with increasing y. "Geostrophic" indicates that geostrophic balance is assumed. "sea_level" means mean sea level. The geoid is a surface of constant geopotential with which mean sea level would coincide if the ocean were at rest. surface_geostrophic_sea_water_y_velocity_assuming_sea_level_for_geoid is the variable part of surface_geostrophic_sea_water_y_velocity. The assumption that sea level is equal to the geoid means that the stationary component of ocean circulation is equal to zero. M CF12N593 surface_downward_y_stress_correction "y" indicates a vector component along the grid y-axis, positive with increasing y. "Downward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed downward (negative upward). The surface called "surface" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere. A downward y stress is a downward flux of momentum towards the positive direction of the model's y-axis. M CF12N559 ocean_salt_x_transport "x" indicates a vector component along the grid x-axis, positive with increasing x. Salt transport refers to the mass of salt being transported. M CF12N592 surface_downward_x_stress_correction "x" indicates a vector component along the grid x-axis, positive with increasing x. "Downward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed downward (negative upward). The surface called "surface" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere. A downward x stress is a downward flux of momentum towards the positive direction of the model's x-axis. M CF12N572 ocean_y_overturning_mass_streamfunction "y" indicates a vector component along the grid y-axis, positive with increasing y. In contrast to the quantity with standard name ocean_meridional_overturning_streamfunction, this quantity includes all physical processes, resolved or parameterized, that impact mass/volume transport. Thus it includes contributions from the bolus and Gent-McWilliams velocity. M CFSN0828 surface_geostrophic_sea_water_y_velocity The surface called "surface" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere. A velocity is a vector quantity. "y" indicates a vector component along the grid y-axis, positive with increasing y. "Geostrophic" indicates that geostrophic balance is assumed. surface_geostrophic_sea_water_y_velocity is the sum of a variable part, surface_geostrophic_sea_water_y_velocity_assuming_sea_level_for_geoid, and a constant part due to the stationary component of ocean circulation. M CF12N576 ratio_of_y_derivative_of_ocean_rigid_lid_pressure_to_sea_surface_density Sea surface density is the density of sea water near the surface (including the part under sea-ice, if any). "component_derivative_of_X" means derivative of X with respect to distance in the component direction, which may be northward, southward, eastward, westward, x or y. The last two indicate derivatives along the axes of the grid, whether or not they are true longitude and latitude. "ratio_of_X_to_Y" means X/Y. "Ocean rigid lid pressure" means the pressure at the surface of an ocean model assuming that it is bounded above by a rigid lid. M CFSN0043 y_wind "y" indicates a vector component along the grid y-axis, positive with increasing y. Wind is defined as a two-dimensional (horizontal) air velocity vector, with no vertical component. (Vertical motion in the atmosphere has the standard name upward_air_velocity.) M CF12N188 barotropic_sea_water_x_velocity A velocity is a vector quantity. "x" indicates a vector component along the grid x-axis, positive with increasing x. M CF12N548 ocean_mass_x_transport "x" indicates a vector component along the grid x-axis, positive with increasing x. M CFSN0579 land_ice_basal_y_velocity A velocity is a vector quantity. "y" indicates a vector component along the grid y-axis, positive with increasing y. "Land ice" means glaciers, ice-caps and ice-sheets resting on bedrock and also includes ice-shelves. M CFSN0373 sea_ice_y_velocity A velocity is a vector quantity. "y" indicates a vector component along the grid y-axis, positive with increasing y. M CF12N545 ocean_heat_y_transport_due_to_diffusion "y" indicates a vector component along the grid y-axis, positive with increasing y. The specification of a physical process by the phrase due_to_process means that the quantity named is a single term in a sum of terms which together compose the general quantity named by omitting the phrase. M CFSN0336 sea_water_x_velocity A velocity is a vector quantity. "x" indicates a vector component along the grid x-axis, positive with increasing x. M CFSN0590 land_ice_x_velocity A velocity is a vector quantity. "x" indicates a vector component along the grid x-axis, positive with increasing x. "Land ice" means glaciers, ice-caps and ice-sheets resting on bedrock and also includes ice-shelves. M CFV16A39 sea_ice_y_transport "y" indicates a vector component along the grid y-axis, positive with increasing y. M CF12N544 ocean_heat_y_transport_due_to_bolus_advection "y" indicates a vector component along the grid y-axis, positive with increasing y. Transport by bolus advection in an ocean model means the part due to a scheme representing eddy-induced effects not included in the velocity field. The specification of a physical process by the phrase due_to_process means that the quantity named is a single term in a sum of terms which together compose the general quantity named by omitting the phrase. M CFV10N8 bolus_sea_water_y_velocity A velocity is a vector quantity. "y" indicates a vector component along the grid y-axis, positive with increasing y. Bolus velocity in an ocean model means the velocity due to a scheme representing eddy-induced effects which are not resolved on the grid scale of the model. bolus_sea_water_y_velocity is used in some parameterisations of lateral diffusion in the ocean. M CF12N541 ocean_heat_x_transport_due_to_bolus_advection "x" indicates a vector component along the grid x-axis, positive with increasing x. Transport by bolus advection in an ocean model means the part due to a scheme representing eddy-induced effects not included in the velocity field. The specification of a physical process by the phrase due_to_process means that the quantity named is a single term in a sum of terms which together compose the general quantity named by omitting the phrase. M BBAJABJF land_cover_lccs A variable with the standard name of land_cover_sccs contains strings which indicate the nature of the surface, e.g. cropland_..., tree_... . These strings are standardised. Values must be combinations of classifiers from the Land Cover Classification System (LCCS; Di Gregorio A., 2005, UN Land Cover Classification System (LCCS) - Classification concepts and user manual for Software version 2; available at www.fao.org/DOCREP/003/X0596E/X0596e00.htm). I CFSN0619 equivalent_thickness_at_stp_of_atmosphere_ozone_content "stp" means standard temperature (0 degC) and pressure (101325 Pa). "Content" indicates a quantity per unit area. The "atmosphere content" of a quantity refers to the vertical integral from the surface to the top of the atmosphere. For the content between specified levels in the atmosphere, standard names including content_of_atmosphere_layer are used. The equivalent thickness at STP of a particular constituent of the atmosphere is the thickness of the layer that the gas would occupy if it was separated from the other constituents and gathered together at STP. equivalent_thickness_at_stp_of_atmosphere_ozone_content is usually measured in Dobson Units which are equivalent to 446.2 micromoles m-2 or an equivalent thickness at STP of 10 micrometers. N.B. Data variables containing column content of ozone can be given the standard name of either equivalent_thickness_at_stp_of_atmosphere_ozone_content or atmosphere_mole_content_of_ozone. The latter name is recommended for consistency with mole content names for chemical species other than ozone. M